1851 Identification of Patent Documents [R-6]
The examiner, in completing the international search report as well as the written opinion and international preliminary examination report, is required to cite the references in accordance with the provisions of Administrative Instructions Sections 503 and 611 and WIPO Standard ST.14 . These sections of the Administrative Instructions require reference citations to include, in addition to other information which is apparent from the forms which the examiner fills out, an indication of the two-letter country code of the country or entity issuing or publishing the document and the standard code for identifying the kind of patent document. The discussion which follows is limited to the identification of patent documents (and nonpatent publications) and a listing of the two-letter country codes for countries or other entities which issue or publish industrial property information.
The standard codes for identifying different kinds of patent documents are found in the "WIPO Handbook on Industrial Property Information and Documentation" - WIPO Standard ST.16 which is published by the World Intellectual Property Organization. The listing is extensive. The Special Program Examiners in each Technology Center (TC) have a complete copy of Standard ST.16. It is also accessible on WIPO’s web site (www.wipo.int/scit/en/standards/standards.htm). Provided herein is an abbreviated version representing the countries and codes commonly used by the examiner in preparing search reports.
U.S. patents published before January 2, 2001, are Code A documents generally. Beginning with patents published on January 2, 2001, U.S. patents are Code B documents. Patent Application Publications, first published on March 15, 2001, are Code A documents. Reexamination certificates published before January 2, 2001, are Code B documents. Reexamination certificates published on or after January 2, 2001, are Code C documents. Tables providing a complete list of the kind codes of patents and other documents published by the USPTO are included in MPEP § 901.04(a) . All nonpatent literature documents are Code N. Numerical designations are sometimes found on published documents along with the letter code designation. These should be used by the examiner only if such numerical designation is on the document. Numerical codes along with letter codes can be found, for example, on certain published patent documents such as the German Offenlegungsschrift and published international applications. If numerical designations are not provided, the examiner should use only the letter code designation.
The most commonly cited documents are patents and published patent applications. A guideline for the citation of such documents is listed below. The listing is indicated in the order in which the elements should be listed.
In the case of a patent or published patent application:
- (A) The Office that issued the document, by the two letter code (WIPO Standard ST.3);
- (B) The number of the document as given to it by the Office that issued it (for Japanese patent documents the indication of the year of the reign of the Emperor must precede the serial number of the patent document);
- (C) The kind of document, by the appropriate symbols as indicated on the document under WIPO Standard ST.16 or, if not indicated on that document, as provided in that Standard, if possible;
- (D) The name of the patentee or applicant (in capital letters, where appropriate, abbreviated);
- (E) The date of publication of the cited patent document or, in case of a corrected patent document, the date of issuance of the corrected patent document as referred to under INID code (48) of WIPO Standard ST.9 and, if provided on the document, the supplementary correction code as referred to under INID code (15);
- (F) Where applicable, the pages, columns, lines or paragraph numbers where the relevant passages appear, or the relevant figures of the drawings.
The following examples illustrate the citation of a patent document as indicated above:
JP 10-105775 A (NCR INTERNATIONAL INC.) 24 April 1998 (24.04.1998) paragraphs 26 to 30.
DE 3744403 A1 (JOSEK, A.) 29 August 1991 (29-08-1991), page 1, abstract.
US 5,635,683 A (MCDERMOTT, R. M. et al.) 03 June 1997 (03/06/1997), column 7, lines 21 to 40.
STANDARD CODE FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF DIFFERENT KINDS OF PATENT DOCUMENTS
The Code, WIPO Standard ST.16, is subdivided into mutually exclusive groups of letters. The groups characterize patent documents, nonpatent literature documents (N), and restricted documents (X). Groups 1-7 comprise letters enabling identification of documents pertaining to different publication levels.
| Group 1 | Use for documents resulting from a patent application and being identified as the primary or major series (excluding the utility model documents of Group 2 and the special series of patent documents of Group 3, below) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | First publication level | ||||
| B | Second publication level | ||||
| C | Third publication level | ||||
| Group 2 | Use for utility model documents having a numbering series other than the documents of Group 1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U | First publication level | ||||
| Y | Second publication level | ||||
| Z | Third publication level | ||||
| Group 3 | Use for special series of patent documents | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | Medicament patent documents (e.g., documents previously published by FR) | ||||
| P | Plant patent documents (e.g., published by US) | ||||
| S | Design patent documents (e.g., published by US) | ||||
| Group 4 | Use for special types of patent documents or documents derived from/relating to patent applications and not covered by Groups 1 to 3 above, as specified below: | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L | Documents, not covered by letter code W, relating to patent documents and containing bibliographic information and only the text of an abstract and/or claim(s) and, where appropriate, a drawing. | ||||
| R | Separately published search reports | ||||
| T | Publication, for information or other purposes, of the translation of the whole or part of a patent document already published by another office or organization | ||||
| W | Documents relating to utility model documents falling in Group 2 and containing bibliographic information and only the text of an abstract and/or claim(s) and, where appropriate, a drawing | ||||
| Group 5 | Use for series of patent documents not covered by Groups 1 to 4, above | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E | First publication level | ||||
| F | Second publication level | ||||
| G | Third publication level | ||||
| Group 6 | Use for series of patent documents or documents derived from/relating to patent applications not covered by Groups 1 to 5 above, according to the special requirements of each industrial property office | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | |||||
| I | |||||
| Group 7 | Other | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Non-patent literature documents | ||||
| X | Documents restricted to the internal use of industrial property offices | ||||
List of Examples of Patent Documents, Previously and Currently Published, or Intended To Be Published, Divided According to Code
| CODE: A | Patent Documents Identified as Primary or Major Series — First Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Australia | Standard or petty patent application |
| Austria | Patent application (Aufgebot) |
| Belgium | Brevet d’invention/Uitvindingsoctrooi |
| Belgium | Brevet de perfectionnement/Verbeteringsoctrooi |
| Belgium | Demande de brevet d’invention/Uitvin dingsoctrooiaanvraag |
| Brazil | Pedido de privilégio (Unexamined patent application for invention) |
| Bulgaria | Patentna zajavka predostavena za publichna inspektzija (Patent application made available to the public) |
| Canada | Patent (prior to October 1, 1989, under previous Patent Act) |
| Canada | Patent application laid open to public inspection under amended Patent Act, as of October 1, 1989) |
| China | Patent application published before the examination |
| Cuba | Patent application |
| Czechoslovakia | Patent application |
| Czechoslovakia | Inventor’s certificate application |
| Czech Republic | Prihláška Vynálezu (Application for the protection of an invention — patent) |
| Denmark | Almindeligt tilgaengelig patentansøgning |
| Egypt | Patent specification |
| European Patent Office | Patent application published with search report |
| European Patent Office | Patent application published without search report |
| European Patent Office | Separate publication of the search report |
| Finland | Julkiseksi tullut patenttihakemus-Allmänt tillgänglig patentansökan |
| France | Brevet d’invention (old law) |
| France | Brevet d’invention premiére et unique publication |
| France | Certificat d’addition à un brevet d’invention, premiére et unique publication |
| France | Certificat d’utilité, premiére et unique publication |
| France | Certificat d’addition à un certificat d’utilité, premiére et unique publication |
| France | Demande de brevet d’invention, premiére publication |
| France | Demande de certificat d’addition à un brevet d’invention, premiére publication |
| France | Demande de certificat d’utilité, premiére publication |
| France | Demande de certificat d’addition à un certificat d’utilité, premiére publication |
| Germany | Offenlegungsschrift |
| Germany (document published by the Patent Office of the former GDR) | Patentschrift (Ausschliessungspatent), patent granted in accordance with paragraph 17.1 of the Patent Law of the former German Democratic Republic of October 27, 1983 |
| Germany (document published by the Patent Office of the former GDR) | Patentschrift (Wirtschaftspatent), patent granted in accordance with paragraph 17.1 of the Patent Law of the former German Democratic Republic of October 27, 1983 |
| Greece | Diploma evresitechnias |
| Greece | Etisi gia Diploma evresitechnias |
| Greece | Etisi gia Diploma tropopiisis |
| Hungary | Patent application |
| India | Patent specification |
| Ireland | Patent specification |
| Israel | Bakashah lepatent (Application of patent for invention) |
| Italy | Domanda di brevetto publicata |
| Japan | Kôkai tokkyo kôhô |
| Japan | Kôhyo tokkyo kôhô |
| Luxembourg | Brevet d’invention |
| Luxembourg | Certificat d’addition à un brevet d’invention |
| Malawi | Patent application |
| Mexico | Patent (Granted patent — according to old law) |
| Mexico | Patent application (according to new law) |
| Mongolia | Patent |
| Morocco | Brevet d’invention |
| Netherlands | Terinzagegelegging |
| New Zealand | Patent application |
| Norway | Alment tilgjengelige patentsöknader |
| OAPI | Brevet d’invention |
| Pakistan | Patent specification |
| Peru | Patente de invención |
| Philippines | Patent for invention |
| Poland | Opis zgloszeniowy wynalazku |
| Portugal | Pedido de patente de invenção |
| Republic of Korea | Konggae t’ukho kongbo |
| Romania | Descrierea inventiei |
| Romania | Cerere de brevet de invente |
| Russian Federation | Zayavka na izobreteniye (Published application for invention) |
| Slovakia | Prihláška Vynálezu (Published application for invention) |
| Slovenia | Patent |
| Slovenia | Patent s skrajšanim trajanjem (Short-term patent) |
| Soviet Union | Opisanie izobreteniyak patentu |
| Soviet Union | Opisanie izobreteniyak avtorskomu svidetelstvu |
| Spain | Patente de invención |
| Spain | Solicitud de patente con informe sobre el estado de la técnica (Patent application published with search report) |
| Spain | Solicitud de patente sin informe sobre el estado de la técnica (Patent application published without search report) |
| Sweden | Allmant tillganglig patentansokan |
| Switzerland | Auslegeschrift/Fascicule de la demande/Fascicolo della domanda (Patent Application published and pertaining to the technical fields for which search and examination as to novelty are made) |
| Switzerland | Patentschrift/Fascicule du brevet/Fascicolo del brevetto (Patent published and pertaining to the technical fields for which neither search nor examination as to novelty are made) |
| Tunisia | Talab Baraat Ekhtiraâ |
| Turkey | Patent tarifnamesi |
| United Kingdom | Patent specification (old Law; not printed on documents) |
| United Kingdom | Patent application (new Law) |
| United States of America | Patent (published before January 2, 2001) |
| United States of America | Patent application publication (published beginning March 15, 2001) |
| World Intellectual Property Organization | International application published with or without the international search report |
| Yugoslavia | Patenta prijava koja se moze razgledati |
| CODE: B | Patent Documents Identified as Primary or Major Series -Second Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Australia | Accepted standard or petty patent |
| Austria | Patentschrift |
| Belgium | Brevet d’invention/Uitvindingsoctrooi |
| Brazil | Patente (granted patent of invention) |
| Canada | Reissue patent (prior to October 1, 1989, under previous Patent Act) |
| Cuba | Patente de invención |
| Czechoslovakia | Popis vynalezu k patentu |
| Czechoslovakia | Popis vynalezu k autorskemu osvedceni |
| Czech Republic | Patentovy spis (patent specification) |
| Denmark | Fremlaeggelsesskrift (old Law) |
| Denmark | Patentskrift |
| Denmark | Patentskrift (amended) |
| Finland | Kuulutusjulkaisu - Utläggningsskrift |
| France | Brevet d’invention, deuxième publication de l’invention |
| France | Certificat d’addition à un brevet d’invention, deuxième publication de l’invention |
| France | Certificat d’utilité, deuxième publication de l’invention |
| France | Certificat d’addition à un certificat d’utilité, deuxième publication de l’invention |
| Germany | Auslegeschrift |
| Germany (document published by the Patent Office of the former GDR) | Patentschrift (Ausschliessungspatent), patent granted in accordance with paragraph 18.1 of the Patent Law of the former German Democratic Republic of October 27, 1983 |
| Germany (document pub lished by the Patent Office of the former GDR) | Patentschrift (Wirtschaftspatent), patent granted in accordance with paragraph 18.1 of the Patent Law of the former German Democratic Republic of October 27, 1983 |
| Greece | Diploma evresitechnias (Patent of invention) |
| Greece | Diploma tropopiisis (Patent of addition) |
| Hungary | Szabadalmi leiras |
| Indonesia | Patent granted in accordance with article 61 of the Patent Law, Number 6 of 1989 Concerning Patents |
| Japan | Tokkyo kôhô |
| Netherlands | Openbaar gemaakte octrooiaanvrage |
| Norway | Utlegningsskrift |
| Poland | Opis patentowy |
| Portugal | Patente de invenção (Granted patent of published application) |
| Republic of Korea | T’ukho kongbo |
| Spain | Patente de invención con informe sobre el estado de la técnica (Patent specification with search report) |
| Spain | Patente de invención con examen previo (Patent specification published after examination) |
| Sweden | Utläggningsskrift |
| Switzerland | Patentschrift/Fascicule du brevet/Fascicolo del brevetto (Patent published and pertaining to the technical fields for which search and examination as to novelty are made) |
| United Kingdom | Amended patent specification (old Law) |
| United Kingdom | Patent specification (new Law) |
| United States of America | Reexamination certificate (published prior to January 2, 2001) |
| United States of America | Patent (published on or after January 2, 2001) |
| CODE: C | Patent Documents Identified as Primary or Major Series - Third Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Argentina | Patente de invención (Patent) |
| CODE: E | Patent Documents Identified as Series Other Than the Documents Coded A, B, C, U, Y, Z, M, P, S, T, W, L or R - First Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Canada | Reissue patent (under amended Patent Act, as of October 1, 1989) |
| France | Certificat d’addition à brevet d’invention (old Law) |
| Sweden | Patentskrift i ändrad lydelse (Amended patent specification) |
| United States of America | Reissue patent |
| CODE: H | Patent Documents Identified in Series According to Special Requirements of Individual Industrial Property Offices |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| United States of America | Statutory invention registration |
| CODE: M | Patent Documents Identified in Series According to Special Requirements of Individual Industrial Property Offices |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| France | Brevet spécial de médicament |
| France | Addition à un brevet spécial de médicament |
| CODE: P | Plant Patent Documents |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| United States of America | Plant patent |
| United States of America | Plant patent application publication |
| CODE: S | Design Patent Documents |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Brazil | Pedido de privilégio (unexamined patent application for industrial model) |
| Russian Federation | Patent na promishlenniy obrazets (Design patent) |
| United States of America | Design patent |
| CODE: U | Utility Model Documents Having a Numbering Series Other Than the Documents Coded A, B or C— First Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Austria | Gebrauchsmusterschrift (published with or without a search report) |
| Brazil | Pedido de privilégio (unexamined patent application for industrial model) |
| Bulgaria | Zajavka za polezni modeli predostavena za publichna inspektzija (Utility model application made available to the public) |
| Czech Republic | Uzitny vzor (Utility model) |
| Denmark | Almindeligt tilgaengelig brugsmodelansogning |
| Denmark | Brugsmodelskrift |
| Finland | Hyödyllisyysmalli-Nyttighetsmodell (Utility model) |
| Germany | Gebrauchsmuster |
| Greece | Etisi gia Pistopiitiko Ipodigmatos Chrisimotitas (Utility model application) |
| Hungary | Hasznalati minta leiras (Utility model specification) |
| Japan | Kôkai jitsuyô shin-an kôhô (Published unexamined utility model application) |
| Japan | Tôroku jitsuyô shin-an kôhô (Published registered utility model application) (without substantive examination) |
| Mexico | Utility model |
| Poland | Opis zgloszeniowy wzoru uzytilowego |
| Portugal | Pedido de modelo de utilidade (Published application for a utility model) |
| Republic of Korea | Konggae shilyong shin-an kongbo |
| Russian Federation | Svidetelstvo na poleznuyu model (Certificate for utility model) |
| Slovakia | Úžitkovy vzor (Utility model) |
| Spain | Solicitud de modelo de utilidad |
| CODE: Y | Utility Model Documents Having a Numbering Series Other Than the Documents Coded A, B or C— Second Publication Level |
|---|---|
| EXAMPLES: | |
| Brazil | Patente (granted patent of utility model) |
| Bulgaria | Opisanie na patent za polezen model (Description of a patent for utility model) |
| Denmark | Brugsmodelskrift |
| Denmark | Brugsmodelskrift (amended) |
| Greece | Pistopiitiko Ipodigmatos Chrisimotitas (Utility model) |
| Japan | Jitsuyô shin-an kôhô (Published examined utility model application) |
| Poland | Opis ochronny wzoru uzytkowego |
| Portugal | Modelo de utilidade (Granted utility model) |
| Republic of Korea | Shilyong shin-an kongbo (Utility model specification) |
| Spain | Modelo de utilidad |
Country Codes
The two-letter country codes listed below are set forth in WIPO Standard ST.3, which is published in the "WIPO Handbook on Industrial Property Information and Documentation" and is accessible via the internet at the WIPO website (www.wipo.int/scit/en/standards/standards.htm). WIPO Standard ST.3 provides, in Annex A, Section 1, a listing of two-letter country codes and/or organizational codes in alphabetic sequence of their short names for the states, other entities and intergovernmental organizations issuing or publishing industrial property documents. Codes for states or organizations that existed on January 1, 1978, but that no longer exist are provided in Annex B, Section 2. Annex B, Section 1 (not reproduced below) lists States for which the Codes have changed.
| List of States, Other Entities and Intergovernmental Organizations, in Alphabetic Sequence of Their Short Names, and Their Corresponding Codes | |
| Afghanistan | AF |
| African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI) | OA |
| African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | AP |
| Albania | AL |
| Algeria | DZ |
| Andorra | AD |
| Angola | AO |
| Anguilla | AI |
| Antigua and Barbuda | AG |
| Argentina | AR |
| Armenia | AM |
| Aruba | AW |
| Australia | AU |
| Austria | AT |
| Azerbaijan | AZ |
| Bahamas | BS |
| Bahrain | BH |
| Bangladesh | BD |
| Barbados | BB |
| Belarus | BY |
| Belgium | BE |
| Belize | BZ |
| Benelux Office for Intellectual Property (BOIP) | BX |
| Benin | BJ |
| Bermuda | BM |
| Bhutan | BT |
| Bolivia | BO |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | BA |
| Botswana | BW |
| Bouvet Island | BV |
| Brazil | BR |
| Brunei Darussalam | BN |
| Bulgaria | BG |
| Burkina Faso | BF |
| Burundi | BI |
| Cambodia | KH |
| Cameroon | CM |
| Canada | CA |
| Cape Verde | CV |
| Cayman Islands | KY |
| Central African Republic | CF |
| Chad | TD |
| Chile | CL |
| China | CN |
| Colombia | CO |
| Community Plant Variety Office (European Community)(CPVO) | QZ |
| Comoros | KM |
| Congo (See Congo, below; Democratic Republic of the Congo) | |
| Congo | CG |
| Cook Islands | CK |
| Costa Rica | CR |
| Côte d’Ivoire | CI |
| Croatia | HR |
| Cuba | CU |
| Cyprus | CY |
| Czech Republic | CZ |
| Democratic People’s Republic of Korea | KP |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | CD |
| Denmark | DK |
| Djibouti | DJ |
| Dominica | DM |
| Dominican Republic | DO |
| Ecuador | EC |
| Egypt | EG |
| El Salvador | SV |
| Equatorial Guinea | GQ |
| Eritrea | ER |
| Estonia | EE |
| Ethiopia | ET |
| Eurasian Patent Organization (EAPO) | EA |
| European Community Trademark Office (See Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market) | |
| European Patent Office (EPO) | EP |
| Falkland Islands (Malvinas) | FK |
| Faroe Islands | FO |
| Fiji | FJ |
| Finland | FI |
| France | FR |
| Gabon | GA |
| Gambia | GM |
| Georgia | GE |
| Germany | DE |
| Ghana | GH |
| Gibraltar | GI |
| Greece | GR |
| Greenland | GL |
| Grenada | GD |
| Guatemala | GT |
| Guernsey | GG |
| Guinea | GN |
| Guinea-Bissau | GW |
| Gulf Cooperation Council (see Patent Office of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf) | |
| Guyana | GY |
| Haiti | HT |
| Holy See | VA |
| Honduras | HN |
| Hong Kong (See The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of The People’s Republic of China) | |
| Hungary | HU |
| Iceland | IS |
| India | IN |
| Indonesia | ID |
| International Bureau of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | IB, WO |
| Iran, Islamic Republic of | IR |
| Iraq | IQ |
| Ireland | IE |
| Isle of Man | IM |
| Israel | IL |
| Italy | IT |
| Jamaica | JM |
| Japan | JP |
| Jersey | JE |
| Jordan | JO |
| Kazakhstan | KZ |
| Kenya | KE |
| Kiribati | KI |
| Korea (See Democratic People’s Republic of Korea; Republic of Korea) | |
| Kuwait | KW |
| Kyrgyzstan | KG |
| Lao People’s Democratic Republic | LA |
| Latvia | LV |
| Lebanon | LB |
| Lesotho | LS |
| Liberia | LR |
| Libyan Arab Jamahiriya | LY |
| Liechtenstein | LI |
| Lithuania | LT |
| Luxembourg | LU |
| Macau | MO |
| Macedonia (see The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) | |
| Madagascar | MG |
| Malawi | MW |
| Malaysia | MY |
| Maldives | MV |
| Mali | ML |
| Malta | MT |
| Mauritania | MR |
| Mauritius | MU |
| Mexico | MX |
| Moldova (See Republic of Moldova) | |
| Monaco | MC |
| Mongolia | MN |
| Montenegro | ME |
| Montserrat | MS |
| Morocco | MA |
| Mozambique | MZ |
| Myanmar | MM |
| Namibia | NA |
| Nauru | NR |
| Nepal | NP |
| Netherlands | NL |
| Netherlands Antilles | AN |
| New Zealand | NZ |
| Nicaragua | NI |
| Niger | NE |
| Nigeria | NG |
| Nordic Patent Institute (NPI) | XN |
| Northern Mariana Islands | MP |
| Norway | NO |
| Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (Trademarks and Designs) (OHIM) | EM |
| Oman | OM |
| Pakistan | PK |
| Palau | PW |
| Panama | PA |
| Papua New Guinea | PG |
| Paraguay | PY |
| Patent Office of the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC) | GC |
| Peru | PE |
| Philippines | PH |
| Poland | PL |
| Portugal | PT |
| Qatar | QA |
| Republic of Korea | KR |
| Republic of Moldova | MD |
| Romania | RO |
| Russian Federation | RU |
| Rwanda | RW |
| Saint Helena | SH |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | KN |
| Saint Lucia | LC |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | VC |
| Samoa | WS |
| San Marino | SM |
| Sao Tome and Principe | ST |
| Saudi Arabia | SA |
| Senegal | SN |
| Serbia | RS |
| Seychelles | SC |
| Sierra Leone | SL |
| Singapore | SG |
| Slovakia | SK |
| Slovenia | SI |
| Solomon Islands | SB |
| Somalia | SO |
| South Africa | ZA |
| South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands | GS |
| Spain | ES |
| Sri Lanka | LK |
| Sudan | SD |
| Suriname | SR |
| Swaziland | SZ |
| Sweden | SE |
| Switzerland | CH |
| Syrian Arab Republic | SY |
| Taiwan, Province of China | TW |
| Tajikistan | TJ |
| Tanzania (see United Republic of Tanzania) | |
| Thailand | TH |
| The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia | MK |
| The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of The People’s Republic of China | HK |
| Timor-Leste | TL |
| Togo | TG |
| Tonga | TO |
| Trinidad and Tobago | TT |
| Tunisia | TN |
| Turkey | TR |
| Turkmenistan | TM |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | TC |
| Tuvalu | TV |
| Uganda | UG |
| Ukraine | UA |
| United Arab Emirates | AE |
| United Kingdom | GB |
| United Republic of Tanzania | TZ |
| United States of America | US |
| Uruguay | UY |
| Uzbekistan | UZ |
| Vanuatu | VU |
| Vatican City State (See Holy See) | |
| Venezuela | VE |
| Viet Nam | VN |
| Virgin Islands, British | VG |
| Western Sahara | EH |
| World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (International Bureau of) | WO, IB |
| Yemen | YE |
| Zambia | ZM |
| Zimbabwe | ZW |
| Annex B, Section 2 | |
| List of States or Organizations That Existed on January 1, 1978, but That No Longer Exist | |
| Czechoslovakia | CS |
| Democratic Yemen | SY/YD |
| German Democratic Republic | DL/DD |
| International Patent Institute | IB |
| Soviet Union | SU |
| Yugoslavia/Serbia and Montenegro | YU |