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- Change Summary - Change Summary for the Ninth Edition, Revision 10.2019 - Title Page - Manual of PATENT EXAMINING PROCEDURE - Foreword - Foreword - Introduction - Constitutional Basis 0100 - Secrecy, Access, National Security, and Foreign Filing 101 - General 102 - Information as to Status of an Application 103 - Right of Public To Inspect Patent Files and Some Application Files 104 - Power to Inspect Application 105 - Suspended or Excluded Practitioner Cannot Inspect 106 - Control of Inspection by Assignee 106.01 - Rights of Assignee of Part Interest 107‑109 - [Reserved] 110 - Confidential Nature of International Applications 111‑114 - [Reserved] 115 - Review of Applications for National Security and Property Rights Issues 116‑119 - [Reserved] 120 - Secrecy Orders 121 - Handling of Applications under Secrecy Order and/or Bearing National Security Markings 122‑129 - [Reserved] 130 - Examination of Secrecy Order Cases 131‑139 - [Reserved] 140 - Foreign Filing Licenses 141‑149 - [Reserved] 150 - Statements to DOE and NASA 151 - Content of the Statements 0200 - Types and Status of Application; Benefit and Priority Claims 201 - Types of Applications 201.01 - National Applications 201.02 - General Terms Used to Describe Applications 201.03 - [Reserved] 201.04 - Provisional Application 201.05 - Reissue Application 201.06 - Divisional Application 201.06(a) - Former 37 CFR 1.60 Divisional Continuation Procedure 201.06(b) - Former 37 CFR 1.62 File Wrapper Continuing Procedure 201.06(c) - 37 CFR 1.53(b) and 37 CFR 1.63(d) Divisional-Continuation Procedure 201.06(d) - 37 CFR 1.53(d) Continued Prosecution Application (CPA) Practice 201.07 - Continuation Application 201.08 - Continuation-in-Part Application 202 - Cross-Noting 203 - Status of Applications 203.01 - New 203.02 - Rejected 203.03 - Amended 203.04 - Allowed or in Issue 203.05 - Abandoned 203.06 - Incomplete 203.07 - [Reserved] 203.08 - Status Inquiries 203.08(a) - Congressional and Other Official Inquiries 204‑209 - [Reserved] 210 - Priority to, or the Benefit of, the Filing Date of a Prior-Filed Application 211 - Claiming the Benefit of an Earlier Filing Date Under 35 U.S.C. 120 and 119(e) 211.01 - Requirements Related to the Prior-Filed Application 211.01(a) - Claiming the Benefit of a Provisional Application 211.01(b) - Claiming the Benefit of a Nonprovisional Application 211.01(c) - Claiming the Benefit of an International Application Designating the United States 211.01(d) - Claiming the Benefit of an International Design Application Designating the United States 211.02 - Reference to Prior Application(s) 211.02(a) - Correcting or Adding a Benefit Claim After Filing 211.03 - Time Period for Making a Claim for Benefit Under 37 CFR 1.78 211.04 - Delayed Benefit Claims 211.05 - Sufficiency of Disclosure in Prior-Filed Application 212 - [Reserved] 213 - Right of Priority of Foreign Application 213.01 - Recognized Countries and Regional Patent Offices of Foreign Filing 213.02 - Formal Requirements Relating to Foreign Priority Application 213.03 - Time for Filing U.S. Nonprovisional Application 213.04 - Requirement to File Priority Claim and Certified Copy During Pendency of Application 213.05 - Right of Priority Based Upon an Application for an Inventor’s Certificate 213.06 - Claiming Priority and Filing a Certified Copy in a National Stage Application (35 U.S.C. 371) 213.07 - Claiming Priority and Filing a Certified Copy in a Nonprovisional International Design Application 214 - Formal Requirements of Claim for Foreign Priority 214.01 - Time for Filing Priority Claim 214.02 - Unintentionally Delayed Priority Claims 214.03 - Office Acknowledgement of Priority Claims 214.04 - Proper Identification of Priority Application in Foreign Priority Claim 215 - Certified Copy of Foreign Application 215.01 - Electronic Priority Document Exchange 215.02 - Time For Filing Certified Copy – Application Filed On or After March 16, 2013 215.02(a) - Timeliness Requirement – Met By Priority Document Exchange 215.02(b) - Timeliness Requirement – Met By Interim Copy of Foreign Application 215.03 - Time For Filing Certified Copy – Application Filed Before March 16, 2013 216 - Entitlement to Priority 216.01 - Perfecting Claim for Priority Under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) or (f) After Issuance of a Patent 217 - Incorporation by Reference Under 37 CFR 1.57(b) 0300 - Ownership and Assignment 301 - Ownership/Assignability of Patents and Applications 301.01 - Accessibility of Assignment Records 302 - Recording of Assignment Documents 302.01 - Assignment Document Must Be Copy for Recording 302.02 - Translation of Assignment Document 302.03 - Identifying Patent or Application 302.04 - Foreign Assignee May Designate Domestic Representative 302.05 - Address of Assignee 302.06 - Fee for Recording 302.07 - Assignment Document Must Be Accompanied by a Cover Sheet 302.08 - Mailing Address for Submitting Assignment Documents 302.09 - Facsimile Submission of Assignment Documents 302.10 - Electronic Submission of Assignment Documents 303 - Assignment Documents Not Endorsed on Pending Applications 304‑305 - [Reserved] 306 - Assignment of Division, Continuation, Substitute, and Continuation-in-Part in Relation to Parent Application 306.01 - Assignment of an Application Claiming the Benefits of a Provisional Application 307 - Issue to Non-Applicant Assignee 308 - Issue to Applicant 309 - Restrictions Upon Employees of U.S. Patent and Trademark Office 310 - Government License Rights to Contractor-Owned Inventions Made Under Federally Sponsored Research and Development 311 - Filing of Notice of Arbitration Awards 312 - [Reserved] 313 - Recording of Licenses, Security Interests, and Documents Other Than Assignments 314 - Certificates of Change of Name or of Merger 315 - Indexing Against a Recorded Certificate 316 - [Reserved] 317 - Handling of Documents in the Assignment Division 317.01 - Recording Date 317.02 - Correction of Unrecorded Returned Documents and Cover Sheets 317.03 - Effect of Recording 318 - Documents Not to be Placed in Files 319 - [Reserved] 320 - Title Reports 321‑322 - [Reserved] 323 - Procedures for Correcting Errors in Recorded Assignment Document 323.01 - Correction of Error in Recorded Cover Sheet 323.01(a) - Typographical Errors in Cover Sheet 323.01(b) - Typographical Errors in Recorded Assignment Document 323.01(c) - Assignment or Change of Name Improperly Filed and Recorded by Another Person Against Owner’s Application or Patent 323.01(d) - Expungement of Assignment Records 324 - Establishing Right of Assignee To Take Action in Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 325 - Establishing Right of Assignee To Take Action in Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 0400 - Representative of Applicant or Owner 401 - U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Cannot Aid in Selection of Patent Practitioner 402 - Power of Attorney; Naming Representative 402.01 - Limited Recognition in Patent Matters 402.02 - Appointment of Power of Attorney 402.02(a) - Appointment in Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 402.02(b) - Appointment in Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 402.03 - Signature Requirements for Papers Filed in an Application 402.04 - Acting in a Representative Capacity 402.05 - Revocation of Power of Attorney 402.05(a) - Applicant Revocation - Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 402.05(b) - Applicant Revocation - Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 402.06 - Attorney or Agent Withdraws 402.07 - Assignee Revocation of Power of Attorney of Applicant and Appointment of New Power of Attorney 402.08 - Application in Interference or Derivation Proceeding 402.09 - International Application 402.10 - Appointment/Revocation by Less Than All Applicants or Owners 403 - Correspondence — With Whom Held; Customer Number Practice 403.01 - [Reserved] 403.01(a) - Correspondence in Applications Filed On or After September 16, 2012 403.01(b) - Correspondence in Applications Filed Before September 16, 2012 403.02 - Two Patent Practitioners for Same Application 404 - [Reserved] 405 - Interviews With Patent Practitioner Not of Record 406 - Death of Patent Practitioner 407 - Suspended or Excluded Patent Practitioner 408 - Interviews With Patent Practitioner of Record 409 - Death, Legal Incapacity, or Unavailability of Inventor 409.01 - [Reserved] 409.01(a) - Deceased or Legally Incapacitated Inventor - Application Filed on or After September 16, 2012 409.01(b) - Deceased or Legally Incapacitated Inventor- Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 409.02 - Unavailable Joint Inventor – Application Filed on or after September 16, 2012 409.03 - Unavailability of Inventor – Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 409.03(a) - At Least One Joint Inventor Available 409.03(b) - No Inventor Available 409.03(c) - Unavailable Legal Representative of Deceased Inventor 409.03(d) - Proof of Unavailability or Refusal 409.03(e) - Statement of Last Known Address 409.03(f) - Proof of Proprietary Interest 409.03(g) - Proof of Irreparable Damage 409.03(h) - Processing and Acceptance of a Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.47 Application 409.03(i) - Rights of the Nonsigning Inventor 409.03(j) - Action Following Acceptance of a Pre-AIA 37 CFR 1.47 Application 409.04 - [Reserved] 409.05 - Application For Patent by an Assignee, Obligated Assignee, or a Person Who Otherwise Shows Sufficient Proprietary Interest – Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 410 - Representations to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office 0500 - Receipt and Handling of Mail and Papers 501 - Filing Papers With the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office 502 - Depositing Correspondence 502.01 - Correspondence Transmitted by Facsimile 502.02 - Correspondence Signature Requirements 502.03 - Communications via Internet Electronic Mail (email) 502.04 - Duplicate Copies of Correspondence 502.05 - Correspondence Transmitted by EFS-Web 503 - Application Number and Filing Receipt 504 - Assignment of Application for Examination 505 - Date of Receipt Stamp 506 - Completeness of Original Application 506.01 - [Reserved] 506.02 - Review of Refusal To Accord Filing Date 507 - Drawing Review in the Office of Patent Application Processing 508 - Distribution 508.01 - [Reserved] 508.02 - Papers Received After Patenting or Abandonment 508.03 - [Reserved] 508.04 - Unlocatable Patent or Application Files 509 - Payment of Fees 509.01 - Deposit Accounts 509.02 - Small Entity Status — Definitions 509.03 - Claiming Small Entity Status 509.03(a) - Duty to Investigate Entitlement to Claim Small Entity Status 509.03(b) - Change or Correction of Status 509.04 - Micro Entity Status — Definitions 509.04(a) - Gross Income Basis for Micro Entity Status 509.04(b) - Institution of Higher Education Basis for Micro Entity Status 509.04(c) - Parties Who Can Sign the Micro Entity Certification 509.04(d) - Continued Obligation to Determine Micro Entity Qualification 509.04(e) - Notification of Loss of Entitlement to Micro Entity Status 509.04(f) - Correcting Errors in Micro Entity Status 510 - U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Business Hours 511 - Postal Service Interruptions and Emergencies 512 - Certificate of Mailing or Transmission 513 - Deposit as Priority Mail Express® with U.S. Postal Service 0600 - Parts, Form, and Content of Application 601 - Content of Provisional and Nonprovisional Applications 601.01 - Complete Application 601.01(a) - Nonprovisional Applications Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) 601.01(b) - Provisional Applications Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 111(b) 601.01(c) - Conversion to or from a Provisional Application 601.01(d) - Application Filed Without All Pages of Specification 601.01(e) - Nonprovisional Application Filed Without at Least One Claim 601.01(f) - Applications Filed Without Drawings 601.01(g) - Applications Filed Without All Figures of Drawings 601.02 - Power of Attorney 601.03 - Correspondence Address 601.03(a) - Change of Correspondence Address in Applications Filed On or After September 16, 2012 601.03(b) - Change of Correspondence Address in Applications Filed Before September 16, 2012 601.04 - National Stage Requirements of the United States as a Designated Office 601.05 - Bibliographic Information - Application Data Sheet (ADS) 601.05(a) - Application Data Sheet (ADS) -- Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 601.05(b) - Application Data Sheet (ADS) in Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 602 - Oaths and Declarations 602.01 - Naming the Inventor; Inventor's Oath or Declaration 602.01(a) - Inventor’s Oath or Declaration in Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 602.01(b) - Inventor’s Oath or Declaration in Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 602.01(c) - Correction of Inventorship, Name of Inventor, and Order of Names in an Application 602.01(c)(1) - Correction of Inventorship in an Application – Request Filed On or After September 16, 2012 602.01(c)(2) - Correcting or Updating Inventor Name 37 CFR 1.48(f) – Request Filed On or After September 16, 2012 602.01(c)(3) - [Reserved] 602.02 - New Oath or Substitute for Original 602.03 - Office Finds the Inventor’s Oath or Declaration Defective 602.04 - Foreign Executed Oath 602.05 - Oath or Declaration in Continuing Applications 602.05(a) - Oath or Declaration in Continuing Applications Filed On or After September 16, 2012 602.05(b) - Oath or Declaration in Continuing Applications Filed Before September 16, 2012 602.06 - Non-English Oath or Declaration 602.07 - Oath or Declaration Filed in United States as a Designated Office 602.08 - Inventor and Application Information 602.08(a) - Inventor Bibliographic Information 602.08(b) - Inventor Signature and Name 602.08(c) - Identification of Application 602.09 - Joint Inventors 603 - Supplemental Oath or Declaration 603.01 - Supplemental Oath or Declaration Filed After Allowance 604 - Substitute Statements 605 - Applicant 605.01 - Applicant for Application filed on or after September 16, 2012 605.02 - Applicant for Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 606 - Title of Invention 606.01 - Examiner May Require Change in Title 607 - Filing Fee 607.01 - [Reserved] 607.02 - Returnability of Fees 608 - Disclosure 608.01 - Specification 608.01(a) - Arrangement of Application 608.01(b) - Abstract of the Disclosure 608.01(c) - Background of the Invention 608.01(d) - Brief Summary of Invention 608.01(e) - [Reserved] 608.01(f) - Brief Description of Drawings 608.01(g) - Detailed Description of Invention 608.01(h) - Mode of Operation of Invention 608.01(i) - Claims 608.01(j) - Numbering of Claims 608.01(k) - Statutory Requirement of Claims 608.01(l) - Claims Present on the Application Filing Date 608.01(m) - Form of Claims 608.01(n) - Dependent Claims 608.01(o) - Basis for Claim Terminology in Description 608.01(p) - Completeness of Specification 608.01(q) - Substitute or Rewritten Specification 608.01(r) - Derogatory Remarks About Prior Art in Specification 608.01(s) - Restoration of Canceled Matter 608.01(t) - Use in Subsequent Application 608.01(u) - [Reserved] 608.01(v) - Marks Used in Commerce and Trade Names 608.01(w) - Copyright and Mask Work Notices 608.02 - Drawing 608.02(a) - New Drawing — When Replacement is Required Before Examination 608.02(b) - Acceptability of Drawings 608.02(c) - Location of Drawings 608.02(d) - Complete Illustration in Drawings 608.02(e) - Examiner Determines Completeness and Consistency of Drawings 608.02(f) - Modifications in Drawings 608.02(g) - Illustration of Prior Art 608.02(h) - Replacement Drawings 608.02(i) - Transfer of Drawings From Prior Applications 608.02(j) - 608.02(o) - [Reserved] 608.02(p) - Correction of Drawings 608.02(q) - 608.02(s) - [Reserved] 608.02(t) - Cancelation of Figures 608.02(u) - [Reserved] 608.02(v) - Drawing Changes Which Require Annotated Sheets 608.02(w) - Drawing Changes Which May Be Made Without Applicant’s Annotated Sheets 608.02(x) - Drawing Corrections or Changes Accepted Unless Notified Otherwise 608.02(y) - Return of Drawing 608.02(z) - Allowable Applications Needing Drawing Corrections or Corrected Drawings 608.03 - Models, Exhibits, Specimens 608.03(a) - Handling of Models, Exhibits, and Specimens 608.04 - New Matter 608.04(a) - Matter Not Present in Specification, Claims, or Drawings on the Application Filing Date 608.04(b) - New Matter by Preliminary Amendment 608.04(c) - Review of Examiner’s Holding of New Matter 608.05 - Sequence Listing, Table, or Computer Program Listing Appendix Submitted in Electronic Form 608.05(a) - Deposit of Computer Program Listings 608.05(b) - Compact Disc Submissions of Large Tables 608.05(c) - Submissions of Biological Sequence Listings as ASCII Files 609 - Information Disclosure Statement 609.01 - Examiner Checklist for Information Disclosure Statements 609.02 - Information Disclosure Statements in Continued Examinations or Continuing Applications 609.03 - Information Disclosure Statements in National Stage Applications 609.04 - [Reserved] 609.04(a) - Content Requirements for an Information Disclosure Statement 609.04(b) - Timing Requirements for an Information Disclosure Statement 609.05 - Examiner Handling of Information Disclosure Statements 609.05(a) - Noncomplying Information Disclosure Statements 609.05(b) - Complying Information Disclosure Statements 609.05(c) - Documents Submitted as Part of Applicant’s Reply to Office Action 609.06 - Information Printed on Patent 609.07 - IDSs Electronically Submitted (e-IDS) Using EFS-Web 609.08 - Electronic Processing of Information Disclosure Statement 0700 - Examination of Applications 701 - Statutory Authority for Examination 702 - Requisites of the Application 702.01 - Obviously Informal Cases 703 - [Reserved] 704 - Search and Requirements for Information 704.01 - Search 704.02-704.09 - [Reserved] 704.10 - Requirements for Information 704.11 - What Information May Be Required 704.11(a) - Examples of Information Reasonably Required 704.11(b) - When May a Requirement for Information Be Made 704.12 - Replies to a Requirement for Information 704.12(a) - Relationship of Requirement for Information to Duty of Disclosure 704.12(b) - What Constitutes a Complete Reply 704.12(c) - Treatment of an Incomplete Reply 704.13 - Time Periods for Reply 704.14 - Making a Requirement for Information 704.14(a) - Format of the Requirement 704.14(b) - Examiner’s Obligation Following Applicant’s Reply 704.14(c) - Petitions to Requirements Under 37 CFR 1.105 704.14(d) - Relationship to Information Disclosure Statements 705 - Patentability Reports 705.01 - Instructions re Patentability Reports 705.01(a) - Nature of P.R., Its Use and Disposal 705.01(b) - Sequence of Examination 705.01(c) - Counting and Recording P.R.s 705.01(d) - [Reserved] 705.01(e) - Limitation as to Use 705.01(f) - Interviews With Applicants 706 - Rejection of Claims 706.01 - Contrasted With Objections 706.02 - Rejection on Prior Art 706.02(a) - [Reserved] 706.02(a)(1) - [Reserved] 706.02(a)(2) - [Reserved] 706.02(b) - [Reserved] 706.02(b)(1) - [Reserved] 706.02(b)(2) - [Reserved] 706.02(c) - [Reserved] 706.02(c)(1) - [Reserved] 706.02(c)(2) - [Reserved] 706.02(d) - [Reserved] 706.02(e) - [Reserved] 706.02(f) - [Reserved] 706.02(f)(1) - [Reserved] 706.02(f)(2) - [Reserved] 706.02(g) - [Reserved] 706.02(h) - [Reserved] 706.02(i) - [Reserved] 706.02(j) - [Reserved] 706.02(k) - [Reserved] 706.02(l) - [Reserved] 706.02(l)(1) - [Reserved] 706.02(l)(2) - [Reserved] 706.02(l)(3) - [Reserved] 706.02(m) - [Reserved] 706.02(n) - [Reserved] 706.03 - Rejections Not Based on Prior Art 706.03(a) - [Reserved] 706.03(b) - [Reserved] 706.03(c) - [Reserved] 706.03(d) - [Reserved] 706.03(e) - [Reserved] 706.03(f) - 706.03(j) - [Reserved] 706.03(k) - [Reserved] 706.03(l) - 706.03(n) - [Reserved] 706.03(o) - [Reserved] 706.03(p) - 706.03(r) - [Reserved] 706.03(s) - [Reserved] 706.03(t) - [Reserved] 706.03(u) - [Reserved] 706.03(v) - [Reserved] 706.03(w) - [Reserved] 706.03(x) - [Reserved] 706.03(y) - [Reserved] 706.04 - Rejection of Previously Allowed Claims 706.05 - Rejection After Allowance of Application 706.06 - Rejection of Claims Copied From Patent 706.07 - Final Rejection 706.07(a) - Final Rejection, When Proper on Second Action 706.07(b) - Final Rejection, When Proper on First Action 706.07(c) - Final Rejection, Premature 706.07(d) - Final Rejection, Withdrawal of, Premature 706.07(e) - Withdrawal of Final Rejection, General 706.07(f) - Time for Reply to Final Rejection 706.07(g) - Transitional After-Final Practice 706.07(h) - Request for Continued Examination (RCE) Practice 707 - Examiner’s Letter or Action 707.01 - Primary Examiner Indicates Action for New Assistant 707.02 - Applications Up for Third Action and 5-Year Applications 707.03‑707.04 - [Reserved] 707.05 - Citation of References 707.05(a) - Copies of Cited References 707.05(b) - Citation of Related Art and Information by Applicants 707.05(c) - Order of Listing 707.05(d) - Reference Cited in Subsequent Actions 707.05(e) - Data Used in Citing References 707.05(f) - [Reserved] 707.05(g) - Incorrect Citation of References 707.06 - Citation of Decisions, Orders Memorandums, and Notices 707.07 - Completeness and Clarity of Examiner’s Action 707.07(a) - Complete Action on Formal Matters 707.07(b) - 707.07(c) - [Reserved] 707.07(d) - Language To Be Used in Rejecting Claims 707.07(e) - Note All Outstanding Requirements 707.07(f) - Answer All Material Traversed 707.07(g) - Piecemeal Examination 707.07(h) - Notify of Inaccuracies in Amendment 707.07(i) - Each Claim To Be Mentioned in Each Office Action 707.07(j) - State When Claims Are Allowable 707.07(k) - Numbering Paragraphs 707.07(l) - Comment on Examples 707.08 - Reviewing and Initialing by Assistant Examiner 707.09 - Signing by Primary or Other Authorized Examiner 707.10 - Entry 707.11 - Date 707.12 - Mailing 707.13 - Returned Office Action 708 - Order of Examination 708.01 - List of Special Cases 708.02 - Petition To Make Special 708.02(a) - Accelerated Examination 708.02(b) - Prioritized Examination 708.02(c) - Patent Prosecution Highway Program 708.03 - Examiner Tenders Resignation 709 - Suspension of Action 709.01 - Overlapping Applications by Same Applicant or Owned by Same Assignee 710 - Period for Reply 710.01 - Statutory Period 710.01(a) - Statutory Period, How Computed 710.02 - Shortened Statutory Period and Time Limit Actions Computed 710.02(a) - [Reserved] 710.02(b) - Shortened Statutory Period: Situations in Which Used 710.02(c) - Specified Time Limits: Situations in Which Used 710.02(d) - Difference Between Shortened Statutory Periods for Reply and Specified Time Limits 710.02(e) - Extension of Time 710.03 - [Reserved] 710.04 - Two Periods Running 710.04(a) - Copying Patent Claims 710.05 - Period Ending on Saturday, Sunday, or a Federal Holiday 710.06 - Situations When Reply Period Is Reset or Restarted 711 - Abandonment of Patent Application 711.01 - Express or Formal Abandonment 711.02 - Failure To Take Required Action During Statutory Period 711.02(a) - Insufficiency of Reply 711.02(b) - Special Situations Involving Abandonment 711.02(c) - Termination of Proceedings 711.03 - Reconsideration of Holding of Abandonment; Revival 711.03(a) - Holding Based on Insufficiency of Reply 711.03(b) - Holding Based on Failure To Reply Within Period 711.03(c) - Petitions Relating to Abandonment 711.03(d) - Examiner’s Statement on Petition To Set Aside Examiner’s Holding 711.04 - Public Access to Abandoned Applications 711.04(a) - Date of Abandonment 711.04(b) - Ordering of Patented and Abandoned Files 711.04(c) - Notifying Applicants of Abandonment 711.05 - Letter of Abandonment Received After Application Is Allowed 711.06 - Abstracts, Abbreviatures, and Defensive Publications 711.06(a) - Citation and Use of Abstracts, Abbreviatures, and Defensive Publications as References 712 - [Reserved] 713 - Interviews 713.01 - General Policy, How Conducted 713.02 - Interviews Prior to First Official Action 713.03 - Interview for “Sounding Out” Examiner Not Permitted 713.04 - Substance of Interview Must Be Made of Record 713.05 - Interviews Prohibited or Granted, Special Situations 713.06 - No Inter Partes Questions Discussed Ex Parte 713.07 - Exposure of Other Cases 713.08 - Demonstration, Exhibits, Models 713.09 - Interviews Between Final Rejection and Notice of Appeal 713.10 - Interview Preceding Filing Amendment Under 37 CFR 1.312 714 - Amendments, Applicant’s Action 714.01 - Signatures to Amendments 714.01(a) - Unsigned or Improperly Signed Amendment 714.01(b) - [Reserved] 714.01(c) - Signed by Attorney or Agent Not of Record 714.01(d) - Amendment Signed by Applicant but Not by Attorney or Agent of Record 714.01(e) - Amendments Before First Office Action 714.02 - Must Be Fully Responsive 714.03 - Amendments Not Fully Responsive, Action To Be Taken 714.03(a) - Supplemental Amendment 714.04 - Claims Presented in Amendment With No Attempt To Point Out Patentable Novelty 714.05 - Examiner Should Immediately Review 714.06 - [Reserved] 714.07 - Amendments Not in Permanent Ink 714.08-714.09 - [Reserved] 714.10 - Claims Added in Excess of Claims Previously Paid For 714.11 - Amendment Filed During Interference Proceedings 714.12 - Amendments and Other Replies After Final Rejection or Action 714.13 - Amendments and Other Replies After Final Rejection or Action, Procedure Followed 714.14 - Amendments After Allowance of All Claims 714.15 - Amendment Received in Technology Center After Mailing of Notice of Allowance 714.16 - Amendment After Notice of Allowance, 37 CFR 1.312 714.16(a) - Amendments Under 37 CFR 1.312, Copied Patent Claims 714.16(b) - Amendments Under 37 CFR 1.312 Filed With a Motion Under 37 CFR 41.208 714.16(c) - Amendments Under 37 CFR 1.312, Additional Claims 714.16(d) - Amendments Under 37 CFR 1.312, Handling 714.16(e) - Amendments Under 37 CFR 1.312, Entry in Part 714.17 - Amendment Filed After the Period for Reply Has Expired 714.18 - Entry of Amendments 714.19 - List of Amendments, Entry Denied 714.20 - List of Amendments Entered in Part 714.21 - Amendments Inadvertently Entered, No Legal Effect 714.22-714.24 - [Reserved] 714.25 - Discourtesy of Applicant or Attorney 715 - Swearing Behind a Reference — Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a) 715.01 - 37 CFR 1.131(a) Affidavits Versus 37 CFR 1.132 Affidavits 715.01(a) - Reference Is a Patent or Published Application Naming Different Inventive Entity With at Least One Common Inventor 715.01(b) - Reference and Application Have Common Assignee 715.01(c) - Reference Is Publication of Applicant’s Own Invention 715.01(d) - Activities Applied Against the Claims 715.02 - How Much of the Claimed Invention Must Be Shown, Including the General Rule as to Generic Claims 715.03 - Genus-Species, Practice Relative to Cases Where Predictability Is in Question 715.04 - Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a); Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations 715.05 - U.S. Patent or Application Publication Claiming Same Invention 715.06 - [Reserved] 715.07 - Facts and Documentary Evidence 715.07(a) - Diligence 715.07(b) - Interference Testimony Sometimes Used 715.07(c) - Acts Relied Upon Must Have Been Carried Out in This Country or a NAFTA or WTO Member Country 715.07(d) - Disposition of Exhibits 715.08 - Decided by Primary Examiner 715.09 - Timely Presentation 715.10 - Review of Affidavit or Declaration for Evidence of Prior Public Use or Sale or Failure to Disclose Best Mode 716 - Affidavits or Declarations Traversing Rejections, 37 CFR 1.132 716.01 - Generally Applicable Criteria 716.01(a) - Objective Evidence of Nonobviousness 716.01(b) - Nexus Requirement and Evidence of Nonobviousness 716.01(c) - Probative Value of Objective Evidence 716.01(d) - Weighing Objective Evidence 716.02 - Allegations of Unexpected Results 716.02(a) - Evidence Must Show Unexpected Results 716.02(b) - Burden on Applicant 716.02(c) - Weighing Evidence of Expected and Unexpected Results 716.02(d) - Unexpected Results Commensurate in Scope With Claimed Invention 716.02(e) - Comparison With Closest Prior Art 716.02(f) - Advantages Disclosed or Inherent 716.02(g) - Declaration or Affidavit Form 716.03 - Commercial Success 716.03(a) - Commercial Success Commensurate in Scope With Claimed Invention 716.03(b) - Commercial Success Derived From Claimed Invention 716.04 - Long-Felt Need and Failure of Others 716.05 - Skepticism of Experts 716.06 - Copying 716.07 - Inoperability of References 716.08 - Utility and Operability of Applicant’s Disclosure 716.09 - Sufficiency of Disclosure 716.10 - Attribution Affidavit or Declaration to Overcome Rejection Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103 717 - Prior Art Exceptions under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1) and (2) 717.01 - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.130 717.01(a) - Declarations or Affidavits under 37 CFR 1.130(a) – Attribution 717.01(a)(1) - Evaluation of Declarations or Affidavits under 37 CFR 1.130(a) 717.01(b) - Declarations or Affidavits under 37 CFR 1.130(b) – Prior Public Disclosure 717.01(b)(1) - Evaluation of Declarations or Affidavits under 37 CFR 1.130(b) 717.01(b)(2) - Determining if the Subject Matter of the Intervening Disclosure is the Same as the Subject Matter of the Inventor–Originated Prior Public Disclosure 717.01(c) - Who May Make Affidavit or Declaration; Formal Requirements of Affidavits and Declarations 717.01(d) - U.S. Patent or Application Publication Claiming Same Invention 717.01(e) - Passed Upon (or Decided by) by Primary Examiner 717.01(f) - Seasonable (or Timely) Presentation 717.02 - Prior Art Exception for Commonly Owned or Joint Research Agreement Subject Matter under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) 717.02(a) - Invoking the Prior Art Exception under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) 717.02(b) - Evaluating Whether the Prior Art Exception under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) is Properly Invoked 717.02(c) - Examination Procedure With Respect to the Prior Art Exception under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) 717.02(d) - Form Paragraphs With Respect to the Prior Art Exception under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) 718 - Affidavit or Declaration to Disqualify Commonly Owned Patent as Prior Art, 37 CFR 1.131(c) 719 - File Wrapper 719.01 - Papers in Image File Wrapper 719.02 - Residence of Inventor Changed 719.03 - Classification During Examination 719.04 - Index of Claims 719.05 - Field of Search 720 - Public Use Proceedings 721‑723 - [Reserved] 724 - Trade Secret, Proprietary, and Protective Order Materials 724.01 - Completeness of the Patent File Wrapper 724.02 - Method of Submitting Trade Secret, Proprietary, and/or Protective Order Materials 724.03 - Types of Trade Secret, Proprietary, and/or Protective Order Materials Submitted Under MPEP § 724.02 724.04 - Office Treatment and Handling of Materials Submitted Under MPEP § 724.02 724.04(a) - Materials Submitted in an Application Covered by 35 U.S.C. 122 724.04(b) - Materials Submitted in Reissue Applications Open to the Public Under 37 CFR 1.11(b) 724.04(c) - Materials Submitted in Reexamination File Open to the Public Under 37 CFR 1.11(d) 724.05 - Petition To Expunge Information or Copy of Papers in Application File 724.06 - Handling of Petitions To Expunge Information or Copy of Papers in Application File 0800 - Restriction in Applications Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 111; Double Patenting 801 - Introduction 802 - Basis for Restriction Practice in Statute and Rules 802.01 - Meaning of “Independent” and “Distinct” 802.02 - Definition of Restriction 803 - Restriction — When Proper 803.01 - Review by Examiner with at Least Partial Signatory Authority 803.02 - Election of Species Requirements – Markush Claims 803.03 - Transitional Applications 803.03(a) - Transitional Application — Linking Claim Allowable 803.03(b) - Transitional Application — Generic Claim Allowable 803.04 - Nucleotide Sequences 803.05 - Reissue Application Practice 804 - Definition of Double Patenting 804.01 - Prohibition of Nonstatutory Double Patenting Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 121 804.02 - Avoiding a Double Patenting Rejection 804.03 - Commonly Owned Inventions of Different Inventive Entities; Non-Commonly Owned Inventions Subject to a Joint Research Agreement 804.04 - Submission to Technology Center Director 804.05 - Impact of Patent Term Extension under 35 U.S.C. 156 on Nonstatutory Double Patenting 805 - Effect of Improper Joinder in Patent 806 - Determination of Distinctness or Independence of Claimed Inventions 806.01 - Compare Claimed Subject Matter 806.02 - [Reserved] 806.03 - Single Embodiment, Claims Defining Same Essential Features 806.04 - Genus and/or Species Inventions 806.04(a) - [Reserved] 806.04(b) - Species May Be Independent or Related Inventions 806.04(c) - [Reserved] 806.04(d) - Definition of a Generic Claim 806.04(e) - Claims Limited to Species 806.04(f) - Restriction Between Mutually Exclusive Species 806.04(g) - [Reserved] 806.04(h) - Species Must Be Patentably Distinct From Each Other 806.04(i) - Generic Claims Presented In a Separate Application After Issuance of Species Claims 806.05 - Related Inventions 806.05(a) - Combination and Subcombination 806.05(b) - [Reserved] 806.05(c) - Criteria of Distinctness Between Combination and Subcombination 806.05(d) - Subcombinations Usable Together 806.05(e) - Process and Apparatus for Its Practice 806.05(f) - Process of Making and Product Made 806.05(g) - Apparatus and Product Made 806.05(h) - Product and Process of Using 806.05(i) - Product, Process of Making, and Process of Using 806.05(j) - Related Products; Related Processes 806.06 - Independent Inventions 807 - Patentability Report Practice Has No Effect on Restriction Practice 808 - Reasons for Insisting Upon Restriction 808.01 - Reasons for Holding of Independence or Distinctness 808.01(a) - Species 808.02 - Establishing Burden 809 - Linking Claims 809.01 - [Reserved] 809.02 - [Reserved] 809.02(a) - Election of Species Required 809.03 - Restriction Between Linked Inventions 810 - Action on the Merits 811 - Time for Making Requirement 811.01 - [Reserved] 811.02 - New Requirement After Compliance With Preceding Requirement 811.03 - Repeating After Withdrawal Proper 811.04 - Proper Even Though Grouped Together in Parent Application 812 - Who Should Make the Requirement 812.01 - Telephone Restriction Practice 813 - [Reserved] 814 - Indicate Exactly How Application Is To Be Restricted 815 - Make Requirement Complete 816 - [Reserved] 817 - Outline of Letter for Restriction Requirement 818 - Election and Reply 818.01 - Election in Reply to a Restriction Requirement: Express 818.01(a) - Reply Must be Complete 818.01(b) - Election is Required, Even When Requirement Is Traversed 818.01(c) - Traverse is Required To Preserve Right of Petition 818.01(d) - Traverse of Restriction Requirement With Linking Claims 818.02 - Election Other Than Express 818.02(a) - Election By Originally Presented Claims 818.02(b) - Generic Claims Only — No Election of Species; Linking Claims Only – No Election of Invention 818.02(c) - Election By Optional Cancellation of Claims 818.02(d) - Election By Cancellation of Claims, Lacking Express Election Statement 819 - Office Generally Does Not Permit Shift 820 - [Reserved] 821 - Treatment of Claims Held To Be Drawn to Nonelected Inventions 821.01 - After Election With Traverse 821.02 - After Election Without Traverse 821.03 - Claims for Different Invention Added After an Office Action 821.04 - Rejoinder 821.04(a) - Rejoinder Between Product Inventions; Rejoinder Between Process Inventions 821.04(b) - Rejoinder of Process Requiring an Allowable Product 822 - Claims to Inventions That Are Not Patentably Distinct in Plural Applications of Same Applicant or Assignee 823 - Unity of Invention Under the Patent Cooperation Treaty 0900 - Prior Art, Classification, and Search 901 - Prior Art 901.01 - Canceled Matter in U.S. Patent Files 901.01(a) - Ordering of Patented and Abandoned Provisional and Nonprovisional Application Files 901.02 - Abandoned Applications 901.03 - Pending Applications 901.04 - U.S. Patents 901.04(a) - Kind Codes 901.05 - Foreign Patent Documents 901.05(a) - Citation Data 901.05(b) - Other Significant Data 901.05(c) - Obtaining Copies 901.05(d) - Translation 901.06 - Nonpatent Publications 901.06(a) - Scientific and Technical Information Center (STIC) 901.06(b) - Borrowed Publications 901.06(c) - Alien Property Custodian Publications 901.06(d) - Abstracts, Abbreviatures, and Defensive Publications 901.07 - Patent Family Information 901.08 - Global Dossier Public Access 902 - Search Tools and Classification Information 902.01 - Classification Manual for the U.S. Patent Classification System 902.01(a) - Index to the U.S. Patent Classification System 902.02 - Class and Subclass Definitions in USPC 902.02(a) - Definition Notes in USPC 902.02(b) - [Reserved] 902.03 - Classification Information 902.03(a) - Patent Classification Home Page on the Internet 902.03(b) - Patent Classification Home Page on the USPTO Intranet 902.03(c) - [Reserved] 902.03(d) - [Reserved] 902.03(e) - Automated Search Tools: EAST and WEST 903 - Classification in USPC 903.01 - Statutory Authority 903.02 - Basis and Principles of Classification 903.02(a) - [Reserved] 903.02(b) - Scope of a Class in the USPC 903.03 - Availability of Foreign Patents 903.04 - Classifying Applications for Publication as a Patent Application Publication in USPC 903.05 - Addition, Deletion, or Transfer of U.S. Patents and U.S. Patent Application Publications 903.06 - Harmonized Subclasses 903.07 - Classifying and Cross-Referencing at Allowance 903.07(a) - Cross-Referencing — Keep Systematic Notes During Prosecution 903.08 - Applications: Assignment and Transfer 903.08(a) - New Applications 903.08(b) - Classification and Assignment to Examiner 903.08(c) - Immediate Inspection of Amendments 903.08(d) - Transfer Procedure 903.08(e) - General Guidelines Governing the Assignment of Nonprovisional Applications for Examination 903.09 - [Reserved] 903.09(a) - [Reserved] 904 - How to Search 904.01 - Analysis of Claims 904.01(a) - Variant Embodiments Within Scope of Claim 904.01(b) - Equivalents 904.01(c) - Analogous Arts 904.02 - General Search Guidelines 904.02(a) - Classified Search 904.02(b) - Search Tool Selection 904.02(c) - Internet Searching 904.03 - Conducting the Search 905 - Cooperative Patent Classification 905.01 - Classification Scheme for CPC 905.01(a) - CPC Titles 905.01(a)(1) - References within CPC Titles 905.01(a)(2) - Notes Found in CPC schemes 905.01(a)(3) - Warnings Found in CPC schemes 905.01(a)(4) - Guidance Headings Found in CPC Schemes 905.02 - CPC Definitions 905.03 - Classifying in CPC 905.03(a) - The CPC Database 905.03(b) - Approach to classification in CPC 905.03(c) - Combination Sets 906 - International Classification of Patents for Inventions 907 - Locarno Classification Designations 1000 - Matters Decided by Various U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Officials 1001 - Statutory Authority of Director of the USPTO 1001.01 - Modes of Exercising Authority 1002 - Petitions to the Director of the USPTO 1002.01 - Procedure 1002.02 - Delegation of Authority To Decide Petitions 1002.02(a) - [Reserved] 1002.02(b) - Petitions and Requests Decided by the Office of the Deputy Commissioner for Patent Examination Policy 1002.02(c) - Petitions and Requests Decided by the Technology Center Directors 1002.02(c)(1) - Petitions Decided by the Director of Technology Center 3640 1002.02(c)(2) - Petitions and Matters Decided by the Director of Technology Center 1600 1002.02(c)(3) - Petitions and Requests Decided by the Director of Technology Center 2900 1002.02(c)(4) - Petitions Decided in the Central Reexamination Unit 1002.02(d) - Petitions and Matters Decided by Supervisory Patent Examiners 1002.02(e) - [Reserved] 1002.02(f) - Petitions and Matters Decided by the Chief Administrative Patent Judge of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board 1002.02(g) - Petitions Decided by the Administrative Patent Judges 1002.02(h) - [Reserved] 1002.02(i) - Petitions Decided by the Commissioner for Trademarks 1002.02(j) - Petitions Decided by the Patent Trial and Appeal Board 1002.02(k) - [Reserved] 1002.02(k)(1) - Petitions and Matters Decided by the General Counsel 1002.02(k)(2) - Requests Decided by the Office of General Law 1002.02(k)(3) - Petitions Decided by the Solicitor 1002.02(l) - Requests Decided by the Certificates of Correction Branch 1002.02(m) - Petitions Decided by the Director of the Office of Enrollment and Discipline 1002.02(n) - [Reserved] 1002.02(o) - Petitions and Other Matters Decided by the Deputy Director of the USPTO 1002.02(p) - Petitions and Matters Decided by the Director of International Patent Legal Administration 1002.02(q) - Petitions and Requests Decided by the Director of Office of Patent Application Processing (OPAP) 1002.02(r) - Petitions Decided by the Director of Office of Data Management 1002.02(s) - Petitions and Matters Decided in the Technology Centers 1002.02(t) - Requests Decided by the Associate Commissioner for Patent Information Management 1003 - Matters Submitted to Technology Center Directors 1004 - Actions Which Require the Attention of a Primary Examiner 1005 - Exceptions to Partial Signatory Authority 1100 - Statutory Invention Registration (SIR); Pre-Grant Publication (PGPub) and Preissuance Submissions 1101 - Request for Statutory Invention Registration (SIR) 1102-1110 - [Reserved] 1111 - SIR Publication and Effect 1112-1119 - [Reserved] 1120 - Eighteen-Month Publication of Patent Applications 1121 - Content of a Patent Application Publication 1122 - Requests for Nonpublication 1123 - Rescission of a Nonpublication Request 1124 - Notice of Foreign Filing 1125 - Express Abandonment to Avoid Publication 1126 - Publication Fees 1127 - Notice of Publication 1128 - Availability of Published Applications 1129 - Request for Early Publication 1130 - Republication and Correction of Patent Application Publications 1131 - [Reserved] 1132 - Requests for Redacted Publication 1133 - Voluntary Publication 1134 - Third Party Inquiries and Correspondence in a Published Application 1134.01 - Third Party Submissions Under 37 CFR 1.290 1135 - PGPub Forms 1200 - Appeal 1201 - Introduction 1202 - Composition of Board 1203 - Administrative Handling 1204 - Notice of Appeal 1204.01 - Reinstatement of Appeal 1204.02 - Pre-Appeal Brief Review Request and Conference Pilot Program 1204.03 - Interviews After Notice of Appeal 1204.04 - Official Record on Appeal 1205 - Appeal Brief 1205.01 - Time for Filing Appeal Brief 1205.02 - Appeal Brief Content 1205.03 - Non-Compliant Appeal Brief and Amended Brief 1206 - Amendments and Affidavits or Other Evidence Filed With or After Appeal 1207 - Examiner’s Answer 1207.01 - Appeal Conference 1207.02 - Contents of Examiner’s Answer 1207.03 - New Ground of Rejection in Examiner’s Answer 1207.03(a) - Determining Whether a Ground of Rejection is New 1207.03(b) - Petition to Designate a New Ground of Rejection and to Reopen Prosecution 1207.03(c) - Appellant's Reply to New Grounds of Rejection 1207.04 - Reopening of Prosecution After Appeal 1207.05 - Substitute Examiner’s Answer 1208 - Reply Briefs and Fee for Forwarding Appeal 1208.01 - Fee for Forwarding an Appeal to the Board 1209 - Oral Hearing 1210 - Actions Subsequent to Examiner’s Answer but Before Board’s Decision 1211 - Remand by Director or Board 1211.01 - Remand by Board for Further Consideration of Rejection 1211.02 - Remand To Consider Amendment 1211.03 - Remand To Consider Affidavits or Declarations 1211.04 - Remand by Board for Further Search 1212 - Board Requires Appellant to Address Matter 1213 - Decision by Board 1213.01 - [Reserved] 1213.02 - New Grounds of Rejection by Board 1213.03 - Publication of and Public Access to Board Decision 1214 - Procedure Following Decision by Board 1214.01 - Procedure Following New Ground of Rejection by Board 1214.02 - [Reserved] 1214.03 - Rehearing 1214.04 - Examiner Reversed in Whole 1214.05 - Cancellation of Claims Not Appealed 1214.06 - Examiner Sustained in Whole or in Part; Claims Require Action 1214.07 - Reopening of Prosecution 1215 - Withdrawal or Dismissal of Appeal 1215.01 - Withdrawal of Appeal 1215.02 - Claims Standing Allowed 1215.03 - Partial Withdrawal 1215.04 - Dismissal of Appeal 1216 - Judicial Review 1216.01 - Appeals to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 1216.02 - Civil Suits Under 35 U.S.C. 145 and 146 1300 - Allowance and Issue 1301 - Substantially Allowable Application, Special 1302 - [Reserved] 1302.01 - General Review of Disclosure 1302.02 - Requirement for a Rewritten Specification 1302.03 - Notice of Allowability 1302.04 - Examiner’s Amendments and Changes 1302.04(a) - Title of Invention 1302.04(b) - [Reserved] 1302.04(c) - Cancellation of Claims to Nonelected Invention 1302.04(d) - Cancellation of Claim Lost in Interference 1302.04(e) - Cancellation of Rejected Claims Following Appeal 1302.04(f) - [Reserved] 1302.04(g) - Identification of Claims 1302.04(h) - Rejoinder of Claims 1302.05 - Correction of Drawing 1302.06 - Prior Foreign Application 1302.07 - [Reserved] 1302.08 - Interference Search 1302.09 - Classification, Print Figure, and Other Notations 1302.10 - Issue Classification Notations 1302.11 - [Reserved] 1302.12 - Listing of References 1302.13 - Signing 1302.14 - Reasons for Allowance 1303 - Notice of Allowance 1303.01 - Amendment Received After Allowance 1303.02 - Undelivered 1303.03 - Not Withheld Due to Death of Inventor 1304 - Amendments After D-10 Notice 1304.01 - Withholding From Issue of “Secrecy Order” Applications 1305 - Jurisdiction 1306 - Issue Fee 1306.01 - Deferring Issuance of a Patent 1306.02 - Simultaneous Issuance of Patents 1306.03 - Practice After Payment of Issue Fee; Receipt of Issue Notification 1307 - Change in Classification of Cases Which Are in Issue 1308 - Withdrawal From Issue 1308.01 - Rejection After Allowance 1308.02 - For Interference or Derivation Purposes 1308.03 - Quality Review Program for Examined Patent Applications 1309 - Issue of Patent 1309.01 - [Reserved] 1309.02 - “Printer Rush” Cases 1400 - Correction of Patents 1400.01 - Introduction 1401 - Reissue 1402 - Grounds for Filing 1403 - Diligence in Filing 1404 - Submission of Papers Where Reissue Patent Is in Litigation 1405 - Reissue and Patent Term 1406 - Citation and Consideration of References Cited in Original Patent 1407-1409 - [Reserved] 1410 - Content of Reissue Application 1410.01 - Reissue Applicant and Inventor's Oath or Declaration 1410.02 - Assignee Consent to the Reissue 1411 - Form of Specification 1411.01 - Certificate of Correction or Disclaimer in Original Patent 1411.02 - New Matter 1412 - Content of Claims 1412.01 - Reissue Claims Must Be for Same General Invention 1412.02 - Recapture of Canceled Subject Matter 1412.03 - Broadening Reissue Claims 1412.04 - Correction of Inventorship By Reissue 1412.05 - Correction of Inventorship in a Broadening Reissue Application 1413 - Drawings 1414 - Content of Reissue Oath/Declaration 1414.01 - Reissue Oath or Declaration in Reissue Application Filed On or After September 16, 2012 1414.02 - Reissue Oath or Declaration in Reissue Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 1414.03 - Supplemental Reissue Oath/Declaration 1415 - Reissue Application and Issue Fees 1415.01 - Maintenance Fees on the Original Patent 1416 - No Physical Surrender of Original Patent 1417 - Claim for Priority Under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) 1418 - Notification of Prior/Concurrent Proceedings and Decisions Thereon, and of Information Known To Be Material to Patentability 1419-1429 - [Reserved] 1430 - Reissue Files Open to the Public and, Notice of Filing Reissue Announced in, Official Gazette 1431-1439 - [Reserved] 1440 - Examination of Reissue Application 1441 - Two-Month Delay Period 1441.01 - Protest and Pre-issuance Submission in Reissue Applications 1442 - Special Status 1442.01 - Litigation-Related or PTAB Trial-Related Reissues 1442.02 - Concurrent Litigation or Trial Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board 1442.03 - Litigation Stayed 1442.04 - Litigation Involving Patent 1442.05 - Court Ordered Filing of Reissue Application 1443 - Initial Examiner Review 1444 - Review of Reissue Oath/Declaration 1445 - Reissue Application Examined in Same Manner as Original Application 1446-1447 - [Reserved] 1448 - Fraud, Inequitable Conduct, or Duty of Disclosure Issues 1449 - Protest Filed in Reissue Where Patent Is in Interference or Contested Case 1449.01 - Concurrent Office Proceedings 1449.02 - Interference in Reissue 1449.03 - Reissue Application in Derivation Proceeding 1450 - Restriction and Election of Species Made in Reissue Application 1451 - Divisional Reissue Applications; Continuation Reissue Applications Where the Parent is Pending 1452 - Request for Continued Examination of Reissue Application 1453 - Amendments to Reissue Applications 1454 - Appeal Brief 1455 - Allowance and Issue 1456 - Reissue Review 1457 - Design Reissue Applications and Patents 1458-1459 - [Reserved] 1460 - Effect of Reissue 1461-1469 - [Reserved] 1470 - Public Access to Reissue Applications 1471-1479 - [Reserved] 1480 - Certificates of Correction — Office Mistake 1480.01 - Expedited Issuance of Certificates of Correction - Error Attributable to Office 1481 - Certificates of Correction - Applicant’s Mistake 1481.01 - Correction of Assignees’ Names 1481.02 - Correction of Named Inventor 1481.03 - Correction of 35 U.S.C. 119 and 35 U.S.C. 120 Benefits 1482-1484 - [Reserved] 1485 - Handling of Request for Certificates of Correction 1486-1489 - [Reserved] 1490 - Disclaimers 1500 - Design Patents 1501 - Statutes and Rules Applicable 1502 - Definition of a Design 1502.01 - Distinction Between Design and Utility Patents 1503 - Elements of a Design Patent Application Filed Under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16 1503.01 - Specification 1503.02 - Drawing 1504 - Examination 1504.01 - Statutory Subject Matter for Designs 1504.01(a) - Computer-Generated Icons 1504.01(b) - Design Comprising Multiple Articles or Multiple Parts Embodied in a Single Article 1504.01(c) - Lack of Ornamentality 1504.01(d) - Simulation 1504.01(e) - Offensive Subject Matter 1504.02 - Novelty 1504.03 - Nonobviousness 1504.04 - Considerations Under 35 U.S.C. 112 1504.05 - Restriction 1504.06 - Double Patenting 1504.07 - 1504.09 - [Reserved] 1504.10 - Priority Under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d), 386(a) and (b) 1504.11-1504.19 - [Reserved] 1504.20 - Benefit Under 35 U.S.C. 120 1504.21-1504.29 - [Reserved] 1504.30 - Expedited Examination 1505 - Term of Design Patent 1506-1508 - [Reserved] 1509 - Reissue of a Design Patent 1510 - Reexamination 1511 - Protest 1512 - Relationship Between Design Patent, Copyright, and Trademark 1513 - Miscellaneous 1600 - Plant Patents 1601 - Introduction: The Act, Scope, Type of Plants Covered 1602 - Rules Applicable 1603 - Elements of a Plant Application 1604 - Applicant, Oath or Declaration 1605 - Specification and Claim 1606 - Drawings 1607 - Specimens 1608 - Examination 1609 - Report of Agricultural Research Service 1610 - The Action 1611 - Issue 1612 - UPOV Convention 1613 - Right of Priority Based upon Application for Plant Breeder’s Rights 1700 - Miscellaneous 1701 - Office Personnel Not To Express Opinion on Validity, Patentability, Expiration Date, or Enforceability of Patent 1701.01 - Office Personnel Not To Testify 1702 - Restrictions on Current and Former Office Employees Regarding Patent Matters 1703 - The Official Gazette 1704 - Application Records and Reports 1705 - Examiner Docket, Time, and Activity Recordation 1706-1719 - [Reserved] 1720 - Dissemination of Court and Patent Trial and Appeal Board Decisions 1721 - Treatment of Court and Patent Trial and Appeal Board Decisions Affecting Patent and Trademark Office Policy and Practice 1722-1729 - [Reserved] 1730 - Information Sources 1800 - Patent Cooperation Treaty 1801 - Basic Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) Principles 1802 - PCT Definitions 1803 - Reservations Under the PCT Taken by, and Notifications of Incompatibility Made by, the United States of America 1804 - [Reserved] 1805 - Where To File an International Application 1806 - Applicants and Inventors 1807 - Agent or Common Representative and General Power of Attorney 1808 - Change in or Revocation of the Appointment of an Agent or a Common Representative 1809 - PAIR Access 1810 - Filing Date Requirements 1811 - [Reserved] 1812 - Elements of the International Application 1813 - 1816 - [Reserved] 1817 - PCT Member States 1818 - [Reserved] 1819 - Earlier Search 1820 - Signature of Applicant 1821 - The Request 1822 - [Reserved] 1823 - The Description 1823.01 - Reference to Deposited Biological Material 1823.02 - Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Listings, and Tables Related to Sequence Listings 1824 - The Claims 1825 - The Drawings 1826 - The Abstract 1827 - Fees 1827.01 - Refund of International Application Fees 1828 - Priority Claim and Document 1828.01 - Restoration of the Right of Priority 1828.02 - Continuation or Continuation-in-Part Indication in the Request 1829 - [Reserved] 1830 - International Application Transmittal Letter 1831 - [Reserved] 1832 - License Request for Foreign Filing Under the PCT 1833 - [Reserved] 1834 - Correspondence 1834.01 - Filing of Correspondence by Facsimile 1834.02 - Irregularities in the Mail or Electronic Communications Service 1835 - [Reserved] 1836 - Rectification of Obvious Mistakes 1837 - 1839 - [Reserved] 1840 - The International Searching Authority 1840.01 - The European Patent Office as an International Searching Authority 1840.02 - The Korean Intellectual Property Office as an International Searching Authority 1840.03 - The Australian Patent Office (IP Australia) as an International Searching Authority 1840.04 - The Federal Service for Intellectual Property (Rospatent) (Russian Federation) as an International Searching Authority 1840.05 - The Israel Patent Office (ILPO) as an International Searching Authority 1840.06 - The Japan Patent Office (JPO) as an International Searching Authority 1840.07 - The Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS) as an International Searching Authority 1841 - [Reserved] 1842 - Basic Flow Under the PCT 1843 - The International Search 1843.01 - Prior Art for Chapter I Processing 1843.02 - Certain Subject Matter Need Not Be Searched 1843.03 - No Search Required if Claims Are Unclear 1843.04 - Procedure for Claims Not Required To Be Searched and for Claims That Are Unclear 1843.05 - Time Limit for Establishing the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority 1844 - The International Search Report 1844.01 - Preparing the International Search Report (Form PCT/ISA/210) 1845 - Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority 1845.01 - Preparing the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority (Form PCT/ISA/237) 1845.02 - Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, or the Declaration (Form PCT/ISA/220) 1846 - 1847 - [Reserved] 1848 - Sequence Listings 1849 - [Reserved] 1850 - Unity of Invention Before the International Searching Authority 1851 - Identification of Patent Documents 1852 - Taking Into Account Results of Earlier Search(es) 1853 - Amendment Under PCT Article 19 1854 - 1855 - [Reserved] 1856 - Supplementary International Searches 1857 - International Publication 1858 - [Reserved] 1859 - Withdrawal of International Application, Designations, or Priority Claims 1860 - International Preliminary Examination Procedure 1861 - [Reserved] 1862 - Agreement With the International Bureau To Serve as an International Preliminary Examining Authority 1863 - [Reserved] 1864 - The Demand and Preparation for Filing of Demand 1864.01 - Amendments Filed Under PCT Article 34 1864.02 - Applicant’s Right To File a Demand 1864.03 - States Which May Be Elected 1864.04 - Agent’s Right To Act 1865 - Filing of Demand 1866 - [Reserved] 1867 - Preliminary Examination Fees 1868 - Correction of Defects in the Demand 1869 - Notification to International Bureau of Demand 1870 - Priority Document and Translation Thereof 1871 - Processing Amendments Filed Under Article 19 and Article 34 Prior to or at the Start of International Preliminary Examination 1872 - Availability of the International Application File for International Preliminary Examination by the Examining Corps 1873 - [Reserved] 1874 - Determination if International Preliminary Examination Is Required and Possible 1875 - Unity of Invention Before the International Preliminary Examining Authority 1875.01 - Preparation of Invitation Concerning Unity 1875.02 - Reply to Invitation Concerning Lack of Unity of Invention 1876 - Notation of Errors and Informalities by the Examiner 1876.01 - Request for Rectification and Notification of Action Thereon 1877 - Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Listings During the International Preliminary Examination 1878 - Preparation of the Written Opinion of the International Preliminary Examining Authority 1878.01 - [Reserved] 1878.01(a) - Prior Art for Purposes of the Written Opinion and the International Preliminary Examination Report 1878.01(a)(1) - Novelty for Purposes of the Written Opinion and the International Preliminary Examination Report 1878.01(a)(2) - Inventive Step for Purposes of the Written Opinion and the International Preliminary Examination Report 1878.01(a)(3) - Industrial Applicability for Purposes of the Written Opinion and the International Preliminary Examination Report 1878.02 - Reply to the Written Opinion of the ISA or IPEA 1879 - Preparation of the International Preliminary Examination Report 1879.01 - Time Limit for Preparing Report 1879.02 - Transmittal of the International Preliminary Examination Report 1879.03 - Translations 1879.04 - Confidential Nature of the Report 1880 - Withdrawal of Demand or Election 1881 - Receipt of Notice of Election and Preliminary Examination Report by the United States Patent and Trademark Office 1882 - 1892 - [Reserved] 1893 - National Stage (U.S. National Application Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 371) 1893.01 - Commencement and Entry 1893.01(a) - Entry via the U.S. Designated or Elected Office 1893.01(a)(1) - Submissions Required by 30 Months from the Priority Date 1893.01(a)(2) - Article 19 Amendment (Filed With the International Bureau) 1893.01(a)(3) - Article 34 Amendments (Filed with the International Preliminary Examining Authority) 1893.01(a)(4) - Claim Amendment (Filed With the U.S. Designated or Elected Office) 1893.01(b) - Applicant for a U.S. National Stage Application 1893.01(c) - Fees 1893.01(d) - Translation 1893.01(e) - Inventor’s Oath or Declaration 1893.02 - Abandonment 1893.03 - Prosecution of U.S. National Stage Applications Before the Examiner 1893.03(a) - How To Identify That an Application Is a U.S. National Stage Application 1893.03(b) - The Filing Date of a U.S. National Stage Application 1893.03(c) - The Priority Date, Priority Claim, and Priority Papers for a U.S. National Stage Application 1893.03(d) - Unity of Invention 1893.03(e) - Documents Received from the International Bureau and Placed in a U.S. National Stage Application File 1893.03(e)(1) - Title of the Invention 1893.03(f) - Drawings and PCT Rule 11 1893.03(g) - Information Disclosure Statement in a National Stage Application 1894 - [Reserved] 1895 - A Continuation, Divisional, or Continuation- in- Part Application of a PCT Application Designating the United States 1895.01 - Handling of and Considerations in the Handling of Continuations, Divisions, and Continuations-In-Part of PCT Applications 1896 - The Differences Between a National Application Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 111(a) and a National Stage Application Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 1900 - Protest 1901 - Protest Under 37 CFR 1.291 1901.01 - Who Can Protest 1901.02 - Information Which Can Be Relied on in Protest 1901.03 - How Protest Is Submitted 1901.04 - When Can the Protest Be Submitted 1901.05 - Acknowledgment of Protest 1901.06 - Office Treatment of Protest 1901.07 - Protestor Participation 1901.07(a) - Filing of Multiple Papers Relating to Same Issues 1902‑1905 - [Reserved] 1906 - Supervisory Review of an Examiner’s Decision Adverse to Protestor 1907 - Unauthorized Participation by Protestor 1908‑1919 - [Reserved] 1920 - Citation of Prior Art Under 37 CFR 1.501(a) 2000 - Duty of Disclosure 2000 - [Reserved] 2000.01 - Introduction 2001 - Duty of Disclosure, Candor, and Good Faith 2001.01 - Who Has Duty To Disclose 2001.02 - [Reserved] 2001.03 - To Whom Duty of Disclosure Is Owed 2001.04 - Information Under 37 CFR 1.56(a) 2001.05 - Materiality Under 37 CFR 1.56(b) 2001.06 - Sources of Information under 37 CFR 1.56 2001.06(a) - Prior Art Cited in Related Foreign Applications 2001.06(b) - Information Relating to or From Copending United States Patent Applications 2001.06(c) - Information From Related Litigation and/or Trial Proceedings 2001.06(d) - Information Relating to Claims Copied From a Patent 2002 - Disclosure — By Whom and How Made 2002.01 - By Whom Made 2002.02 - Must be in Writing 2003 - Disclosure __ When Made 2003.01 - Disclosure After Patent Is Granted 2004 - Aids to Compliance With Duty of Disclosure 2005 - Comparison to Requirements for Information 2006‑2009 - [Reserved] 2010 - Office Handling of Duty of Disclosure/Inequitable Conduct Issues 2011 - Correction of Errors in Application 2012 - Reissue Applications Involving Issues of Fraud, Inequitable Conduct, and/or Violation of Duty of Disclosure 2012.01 - Collateral Estoppel 2013 - Protests Involving Issues of Fraud, Inequitable Conduct, and/or Violation of Duty of Disclosure 2014 - Duty of Disclosure in Reexamination Proceedings and Supplemental Examination 2015 - [Reserved] 2016 - Fraud, Inequitable Conduct, or Violation of Duty of Disclosure Affects All Claims 2017‑2022 - [Reserved] 2100 - Patentability 2101-2102 - [Reserved] 2103 - Patent Examination Process 2104 - Requirements of 35 U.S.C. 101 2104.01 - Barred by Atomic Energy Act 2105 - Patent Eligible Subject Matter — Living Subject Matter 2106 - Patent Subject Matter Eligibility 2106.01 - [Reserved] 2106.02 - [Reserved] 2106.03 - Eligibility Step 1: The Four Categories of Statutory Subject Matter 2106.04 - Eligibility Step 2A: Whether a Claim is Directed to a Judicial Exception 2106.04(a) - Abstract Ideas 2106.04(a)(1) - Examples of Claims That Do Not Recite Abstract Ideas 2106.04(a)(2) - Abstract Idea Groupings 2106.04(a)(3) - Tentative Abstract Ideas 2106.04(b) - Laws of Nature, Natural Phenomena & Products of Nature 2106.04(c) - The Markedly Different Characteristics Analysis 2106.04(d) - Integration of a Judicial Exception Into A Practical Application 2106.04(d)(1) - Evaluating Improvements in the Functioning of a Computer, or an Improvement to Any Other Technology or Technical Field in Step 2A Prong Two 2106.04(d)(2) - Particular Treatment and Prophylaxis in Step 2A Prong Two 2106.05 - Eligibility Step 2B: Whether a Claim Amounts to Significantly More 2106.05(a) - Improvements to the Functioning of a Computer or To Any Other Technology or Technical Field 2106.05(b) - Particular Machine 2106.05(c) - Particular Transformation 2106.05(d) - Well-Understood, Routine, Conventional Activity 2106.05(e) - Other Meaningful Limitations 2106.05(f) - Mere Instructions To Apply An Exception 2106.05(g) - Insignificant Extra-Solution Activity 2106.05(h) - Field of Use and Technological Environment 2106.06 - Streamlined Analysis 2106.06(a) - Eligibility is Self Evident 2106.06(b) - Clear Improvement to a Technology or to Computer Functionality 2106.07 - Formulating and Supporting Rejections For Lack Of Subject Matter Eligibility 2106.07(a) - Formulating a Rejection For Lack of Subject Matter Eligibility 2106.07(a)(1) - Form Paragraphs for use in Lack of Subject Matter Eligibility Rejections 2106.07(b) - Evaluating Applicant's Response 2106.07(c) - Clarifying the Record 2107 - Guidelines for Examination of Applications for Compliance with the Utility Requirement 2107.01 - General Principles Governing Utility Rejections 2107.02 - Procedural Considerations Related to Rejections for Lack of Utility 2107.03 - Special Considerations for Asserted Therapeutic or Pharmacological Utilities 2108 - [Reserved] 2109 - Inventorship 2109.01 - Joint Inventorship 2110 - [Reserved] 2111 - Claim Interpretation; Broadest Reasonable Interpretation 2111.01 - Plain Meaning 2111.02 - Effect of Preamble 2111.03 - Transitional Phrases 2111.04 - “Adapted to,” “Adapted for,” “Wherein,” “Whereby,” and Contingent Clauses 2111.05 - Functional and Nonfunctional Descriptive Material 2112 - Requirements of Rejection Based on Inherency; Burden of Proof 2112.01 - Composition, Product, and Apparatus Claims 2112.02 - Process Claims 2113 - Product-by-Process Claims 2114 - Apparatus and Article Claims — Functional Language 2115 - Material or Article Worked Upon by Apparatus 2116 - [Reserved] 2116.01 - Novel, Nonobvious Starting Material or End Product 2117 - Markush Claims 2118-2119 - [Reserved] 2120 - Rejection on Prior Art 2120.01 - Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) and (a)(2) and Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), or (e): Printed Publication or Patent 2120.02 - Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) or (b): Knowledge by Others, or Public Use, or On Sale 2121 - Prior Art; General Level of Operability Required to Make a Prima Facie Case 2121.01 - Use of Prior Art in Rejections Where Operability is in Question 2121.02 - Compounds and Compositions — What Constitutes Enabling Prior Art 2121.03 - Plant Genetics — What Constitutes Enabling Prior Art 2121.04 - Apparatus and Articles — What Constitutes Enabling Prior Art 2122 - Discussion of Utility in the Prior Art 2123 - Rejection Over Prior Art’s Broad Disclosure Instead of Preferred Embodiments 2124 - Exception to the Rule That the Reference Must be Prior Art 2124.01 - Tax Strategies Deemed Within the Prior Art 2125 - Drawings as Prior Art 2126 - Availability of a Document as a “Patent” for Purposes of Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 102(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), and (d) 2126.01 - Date of Availability of a Patent as a Reference 2126.02 - Scope of Reference’s Disclosure Which Can Be Used to Reject Claims When the Reference Is a “Patent” but Not a “Publication” 2127 - Domestic and Foreign Patent Applications as Prior Art 2128 - “Printed Publications” as Prior Art 2128.01 - Level of Public Accessibility Required 2128.02 - Date Publication Is Available as a Reference 2129 - Admissions as Prior Art 2130 - [Reserved] 2131 - Anticipation — Application of 35 U.S.C. 102 2131.01 - Multiple Reference 35 U.S.C. 102 Rejections 2131.02 - Genus-Species Situations 2131.03 - Anticipation of Ranges 2131.04 - Secondary Considerations 2131.05 - Nonanalogous or Disparaging Prior Art 2132 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) 2132.01 - Overcoming a Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) Rejection based on a Printed Publication or Patent 2133 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) 2133.01 - Rejections of Continuation-In-Part (CIP) Applications 2133.02 - Rejections Based on Publications and Patents 2133.02(a) - Overcoming a Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) Rejection Based on a Printed Publication or Patent 2133.03 - Rejections Based on “Public Use” or “On Sale” 2133.03(a) - “Public Use” 2133.03(b) - “On Sale” 2133.03(c) - The “Invention” 2133.03(d) - “In This Country” 2133.03(e) - Permitted Activity; Experimental Use 2133.03(e)(1) - Commercial Exploitation 2133.03(e)(2) - Intent 2133.03(e)(3) - “Completeness” of the Invention 2133.03(e)(4) - Factors Indicative of an Experimental Purpose 2133.03(e)(5) - Experimentation and Degree of Supervision and Control 2133.03(e)(6) - Permitted Experimental Activity and Testing 2133.03(e)(7) - Activity of an Independent Third Party Inventor 2134 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(c) 2135 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d) 2135.01 - The Four Requirements of Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d) 2136 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) 2136.01 - Status of Unpublished or Published as Redacted U.S. Application as a Reference Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) 2136.02 - Content of the Prior Art Available Against the Claims 2136.03 - Critical Reference Date 2136.04 - Different Inventive Entity; Meaning of “By Another” 2136.05 - Overcoming a Rejection Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) 2136.05(a) - Antedating a Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) Reference 2136.05(b) - Showing The Reference Is Describing An Inventor's Or At Least One Joint Inventor's Own Work 2137 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f) 2137.01 - [Reserved] 2137.02 - [Reserved] 2138 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(g) 2138.01 - Interference Practice 2138.02 - “The Invention Was Made in This Country” 2138.03 - “By Another Who Has Not Abandoned, Suppressed, or Concealed It” 2138.04 - “Conception” 2138.05 - “Reduction to Practice” 2138.06 - “Reasonable Diligence” 2139 - Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 2139.01 - Effective Filing Date of a Claimed Invention Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 2139.02 - Determining Whether To Apply Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), or (e) 2139.03 - Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 2140 - [Reserved] 2141 - Examination Guidelines for Determining Obviousness Under 35 U.S.C. 103 2141.01 - Scope and Content of the Prior Art 2141.01(a) - Analogous and Nonanalogous Art 2141.02 - Differences Between Prior Art and Claimed Invention 2141.03 - Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art 2142 - Legal Concept of Prima Facie Obviousness 2143 - Examples of Basic Requirements of a Prima Facie Case of Obviousness 2143.01 - Suggestion or Motivation To Modify the References 2143.02 - Reasonable Expectation of Success Is Required 2143.03 - All Claim Limitations Must Be Considered 2144 - Supporting a Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 103 2144.01 - Implicit Disclosure 2144.02 - Reliance on Scientific Theory 2144.03 - Reliance on Common Knowledge in the Art or “Well Known” Prior Art 2144.04 - Legal Precedent as Source of Supporting Rationale 2144.05 - Obviousness of Similar and Overlapping Ranges, Amounts, and Proportions 2144.06 - Art Recognized Equivalence for the Same Purpose 2144.07 - Art Recognized Suitability for an Intended Purpose 2144.08 - Obviousness of Species When Prior Art Teaches Genus 2144.09 - Close Structural Similarity Between Chemical Compounds (Homologs, Analogues, Isomers) 2145 - Consideration of Applicant’s Rebuttal Arguments 2146 - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) 2146.01 - Prior Art Disqualification Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) 2146.02 - Establishing Common Ownership or Joint Research Agreement Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) 2146.03 - Examination Procedure With Respect to Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) 2146.03(a) - Provisional Rejection (Obviousness) Under 35 U.S.C. 103 Using Provisional Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) 2147 - Biotechnology Process Applications; Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(b) 2148 - Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103 2149 - [Reserved] 2150 - Examination Guidelines for 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 as Amended by the First Inventor To File Provisions of the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act 2151 - Overview of the Changes to 35 U.S.C. 102 and 103 in the AIA 2152 - Detailed Discussion of AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) and (b) 2152.01 - Effective Filing Date of the Claimed Invention 2152.02 - Prior Art Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) (Patented, Described in a Printed Publication, or in Public Use, on Sale, or Otherwise Available to the Public) 2152.02(a) - Patented 2152.02(b) - Described in a Printed Publication 2152.02(c) - In Public Use 2152.02(d) - On Sale 2152.02(e) - Otherwise Available to the Public 2152.02(f) - No Requirement of 2152.03 - Admissions 2152.04 - The Meaning of 2152.05 - Determining Whether To Apply 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) or 102(a)(2) 2152.06 - Overcoming a 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) or 102(a)(2) Rejection Based on a Printed Publication or Patent 2152.07 - Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 2153 - Prior Art Exceptions Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) 2153.01 - Prior Art Exception Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(A) To AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) (Grace Period Inventor Or Inventor-Originated Disclosure Exception) 2153.01(a) - Grace Period Inventor Disclosure Exception 2153.01(b) - Grace Period Inventor-Originated Disclosure Exception 2153.02 - Prior Art Exception Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(1)(B) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) (Inventor Or Inventor-Originated Prior Public Disclosure Exception) 2154 - Provisions Pertaining to Subject Matter in a U.S. Patent or Application Effectively Filed Before the Effective Filing Date of the Claimed Invention 2154.01 - Prior Art Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) “U.S. Patent Documents” 2154.01(a) - WIPO Published Applications 2154.01(b) - Determining When Subject Matter Was Effectively Filed Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d) 2154.01(c) - Requirement Of “Names Another Inventor” 2154.01(d) - Provisional Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2); Reference Is a Copending U.S. Patent Application 2154.02 - Prior Art Exceptions Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) 2154.02(a) - Prior Art Exception Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(A) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) (Inventor-Originated Disclosure Exception) 2154.02(b) - Prior Art Exception Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(B) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) (Inventor or Inventor-Originated Prior Public Disclosure Exception) 2154.02(c) - Prior Art Exception Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) to AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) (Common Ownership or Obligation of Assignment) 2155 - Use of Affidavits or Declarations Under 37 CFR 1.130 To Overcome Prior Art Rejections 2155.01 - Showing That the Disclosure Was Made by the Inventor or a Joint Inventor 2155.02 - Showing That the Subject Matter Disclosed Had Been Previously Publicly Disclosed by the Inventor or a Joint Inventor 2155.03 - Showing That the Disclosure was Made, or That Subject Matter had Been Previously Publicly Disclosed, by Another Who Obtained the Subject Matter Disclosed Directly or Indirectly From the Inventor or a Joint Inventor 2155.04 - Enablement 2155.05 - Who May File an Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.130 2155.06 - Situations in Which an Affidavit or Declaration Is Not Available 2156 - Joint Research Agreements 2157 - Improper Naming of Inventors 2158 - AIA 35 U.S.C. 103 2158.01 - Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under AIA 35 U.S.C. 103 2159 - Applicability Date Provisions and Determining Whether an Application Is Subject to the First Inventor To File Provisions of the AIA 2159.01 - Applications Filed Before March 16, 2013 2159.02 - Applications Filed on or After March 16, 2013 2159.03 - Applications Subject to the AIA but Also Containing a Claimed Invention Having an Effective Filing Date Before March 16, 2013 2159.04 - Applicant Statement in Transition Applications Containing a Claimed Invention Having an Effective Filing Date on or After March 16, 2013 2160 - [Reserved] 2161 - Three Separate Requirements for Specification Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph 2161.01 - Computer Programming, Computer Implemented Inventions, and 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph 2162 - Policy Underlying 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph 2163 - Guidelines for the Examination of Patent Applications Under the 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, first paragraph, “Written Description” Requirement 2163.01 - Support for the Claimed Subject Matter in Disclosure 2163.02 - Standard for Determining Compliance With the Written Description Requirement 2163.03 - Typical Circumstances Where Adequate Written Description Issue Arises 2163.04 - Burden on the Examiner with Regard to the Written Description Requirement 2163.05 - Changes to the Scope of Claims 2163.06 - Relationship of Written Description Requirement to New Matter 2163.07 - Amendments to Application Which Are Supported in the Original Description 2163.07(a) - Inherent Function, Theory, or Advantage 2163.07(b) - Incorporation by Reference 2164 - The Enablement Requirement 2164.01 - Test of Enablement 2164.01(a) - Undue Experimentation Factors 2164.01(b) - How to Make the Claimed Invention 2164.01(c) - How to Use the Claimed Invention 2164.02 - Working Example 2164.03 - Relationship of Predictability of the Art and the Enablement Requirement 2164.04 - Burden on the Examiner Under the Enablement Requirement 2164.05 - Determination of Enablement Based on Evidence as a Whole 2164.05(a) - Specification Must Be Enabling as of the Filing Date 2164.05(b) - Specification Must Be Enabling to Persons Skilled in the Art 2164.06 - Quantity of Experimentation 2164.06(a) - Examples of Enablement Issues-Missing Information 2164.06(b) - Examples of Enablement Issues — Biological and Chemical Cases 2164.06(c) - Examples of Enablement Issues – Computer Programming Cases 2164.07 - Relationship of Enablement Requirement to Utility Requirement of 35 U.S.C. 101 2164.08 - Enablement Commensurate in Scope With the Claims 2164.08(a) - Single Means Claim 2164.08(b) - Inoperative Subject Matter 2164.08(c) - Critical Feature Not Claimed 2165 - The Best Mode Requirement 2165.01 - Considerations Relevant to Best Mode 2165.02 - Best Mode Requirement Compared to Enablement Requirement 2165.03 - Requirements for Rejection for Lack of Best Mode 2165.04 - Examples of Evidence of Concealment 2166 - Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph 2167-2170 - [Reserved] 2171 - Two Separate Requirements for Claims Under 35 U.S.C. 112 (b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph 2172 - Subject Matter Which the Inventor or a Joint Inventor Regards as The Invention 2172.01 - Unclaimed Essential Matter 2173 - Claims Must Particularly Point Out and Distinctly Claim the Invention 2173.01 - Interpreting the Claims 2173.02 - Determining Whether Claim Language is Definite 2173.03 - Correspondence Between Specification and Claims 2173.04 - Breadth Is Not Indefiniteness 2173.05 - Specific Topics Related to Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph 2173.05(a) - New Terminology 2173.05(b) - Relative Terminology 2173.05(c) - Numerical Ranges and Amounts Limitations 2173.05(d) - Exemplary Claim Language (“for example,” “such as”) 2173.05(e) - Lack of Antecedent Basis 2173.05(f) - Reference to Limitations in Another Claim 2173.05(g) - Functional Limitations 2173.05(h) - Alternative Limitations 2173.05(i) - Negative Limitations 2173.05(j) - Old Combination 2173.05(k) - Aggregation 2173.05(l) - [Reserved] 2173.05(m) - Prolix 2173.05(n) - Multiplicity 2173.05(o) - Double Inclusion 2173.05(p) - Claim Directed to Product-By- Process or Product and Process 2173.05(q) - “Use” Claims 2173.05(r) - Omnibus Claim 2173.05(s) - Reference to Figures or Tables 2173.05(t) - Chemical Formula 2173.05(u) - Trademarks or Trade Names in a Claim 2173.05(v) - Mere Function of Machine 2173.06 - Practice Compact Prosecution 2174 - Relationship Between the Requirements of 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and (b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First and Second Paragraphs 2175 - Form Paragraphs for Use in Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph 2176-2180 - [Reserved] 2181 - Identifying and Interpreting a 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph Limitation 2182 - Search and Identification of the Prior Art 2183 - Making a Prima Facie Case of Equivalence 2184 - Determining Whether an Applicant Has Met the Burden of Proving Nonequivalence After a Prima Facie Case Is Made 2185 - Related Issues Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or (b) and Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First or Second Paragraphs 2186 - Relationship to the Doctrine of Equivalents 2187 - Form Paragraphs for Use Relating to 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph 2188-2189 - [Reserved] 2190 - Prosecution Laches and Res Judicata 2200 - Citation of Prior Art and Ex Parte Reexamination of Patents 2201 - Introduction 2202 - Citation of Prior Art and Written Statements 2203 - Persons Who May Cite Prior Art or Written Statements 2204 - Time for Filing Prior Art or Section 301 Written Statements 2205 - Content of Prior Art or Section 301 Written Statements 2206 - Submission and Handling of Prior Art or Section 301 Written Statements 2207 - Entry of Court Decision in Patent File 2208 - Service of Prior Art or Section 301 Written Statements on Patent Owner 2209 - Ex Parte Reexamination 2210 - Request for Ex Parte Reexamination under 35 U.S.C. 302 2211 - Time for Requesting Ex Parte Reexamination under 35 U.S.C. 302 2212 - Persons Who May File a Request for Ex Parte Reexamination under 35 U.S.C. 302 2212.01 - Inquiries from Persons Other Than the Patent Owner 2213 - Representative of Requester 2214 - Content of Request for Ex Parte Reexamination Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2215 - Fee for Requesting Ex Parte Reexamination under 35 U.S.C. 302 2216 - Substantial New Question of Patentability 2217 - Statement Applying Prior Art in a Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2218 - Copies of Prior Art 2219 - Copy of Printed Patent 2220 - Certificate of Service 2221 - Amendments Included in Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 by Patent Owner 2222 - Address of Patent Owner 2223 - Withdrawal of Attorney or Agent 2224 - Correspondence 2225 - Untimely Paper Filed Prior to Order under 35 U.S.C. 304 2226 - Initial Processing of Request for Ex Parte Reexamination Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2227 - Incomplete Request for Ex Parte Reexamination Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2228 - [Reserved] 2229 - Notice of Request under 35 U.S.C. 302 for Ex Parte Reexamination in Official Gazette 2230 - Constructive Notice to Patent Owner 2231 - Processing of Request Corrections 2232 - Public Access to Reexaminations Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2232.01 - Determining if a Reexamination Request Was Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 for a Patent 2233 - Processing in Central Reexamination Unit and Technology Center 2234 - Entry of Amendments 2235 - Record Systems 2236 - Assignment of Reexamination 2237 - Transfer Procedure 2238 - Time Reporting 2239 - Reexamination Ordered at the Director’s Initiative 2240 - Decision on Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2241 - Time for Deciding Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2242 - Criteria for Deciding Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2243 - Claims Considered in Deciding Request Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2244 - Prior Art on Which the Determination Is Based in Requests Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2245 - Processing of Decision 2246 - Decision Ordering Reexamination under 35 U.S.C. 304 2247 - Decision under 35 U.S.C. 303 on Request for Reexamination filed Under 35 U.S.C. 302, Request Denied 2247.01 - Examples of Decisions on Request for Reexamination 2248 - Petition From Denial of Request Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 302 2249 - Patent Owner’s Statement in Reexaminations Filed Under 35 U.S.C. 302 2250 - Amendment by Patent Owner 2250.01 - Correction of Patent Drawings 2250.02 - Correction of Inventorship 2250.03 - Fees for Adding Claims and for Filing a Petition 2251 - Reply by Third Party Requester 2252 - Consideration of Statement and Reply 2253 - Consideration by Examiner 2254 - Conduct of Ex Parte Reexamination Proceedings 2255 - Who Reexamines 2256 - Prior Art Patents and Printed Publications Reviewed by Examiner in Reexamination 2257 - Listing of Prior Art 2258 - Scope of Ex Parte Reexamination 2258.01 - Use of Previously Cited/Considered Art in Rejections 2258.02 - Claiming Foreign Priority and Domestic Benefit in Reexamination 2259 - Res Judicata and Collateral Estoppel in Reexamination Proceedings 2260 - Office Actions 2260.01 - Dependent Claims 2261 - Special Status for Action 2262 - Form and Content of Office Action 2263 - Time for Response 2264 - Mailing of Office Action 2265 - Extension of Time 2266 - Responses 2266.01 - Submission Not Fully Responsive to Non-Final Office Action 2266.02 - Examiner Issues Notice of Defective Paper in Ex Parte Reexamination 2266.03 - Service of Papers 2267 - Handling of Inappropriate or Untimely Filed Papers 2268 - Petition for Entry of Late Papers for Revival of Reexamination Proceeding 2269 - Reconsideration 2270 - Clerical Handling 2271 - Final Action 2271.01 - Panel Review 2272 - After Final Practice 2273 - Appeal in Ex Parte Reexamination 2274 - Appeal Brief 2275 - Examiner’s Answer 2276 - Oral Hearing 2277 - Board Decision 2278 - Action Following Decision 2279 - Appeal to Courts 2280 - Information Material to Patentability in Reexamination Proceeding Filed under 35 U.S.C. 302 2281 - Interviews in Ex Parte Reexamination Proceedings 2282 - Notification of Existence of Prior or Concurrent Proceedings and Decisions Thereon 2283 - Multiple Copending Ex Parte Reexamination Proceedings 2284 - Copending Ex Parte Reexamination and Interference Proceedings 2285 - Copending Ex Parte Reexamination and Reissue Proceedings 2286 - Ex Parte Reexamination and Litigation Proceedings 2286.01 - Reexamination and Inter Partes Review Proceedings, Post-Grant Review, and Covered Business Method Patent Review 2287 - Conclusion of Ex Parte Reexamination Proceeding 2287.01 - Examiner Consideration of Submissions After a NIRC 2288 - Issuance of Ex Parte Reexamination Certificate 2289 - Reexamination Review 2290 - Format of Ex Parte Reexamination Certificate 2291 - Notice of Ex Parte Reexamination Certificate Issuance in Official Gazette 2292 - Distribution of Certificate 2293 - Intervening Rights 2294 - Concluded Reexamination Proceedings 2295 - Reexamination of a Reexamination 2296 - USPTO Forms To Be Used In Ex Parte Reexamination 2300 - Interference and Derivation Proceedings 2301 - Interference Proceedings 2301.01 - Statutory Basis 2301.02 - Definitions 2301.03 - Interfering Subject Matter 2301.04 - Applicability of 35 U.S.C. 102(g) to Applications filed on or after March 16, 2013 2302 - Consult an Interference Practice Specialist 2303 - Completion of Examination 2303.01 - Issuance and Suspension 2303.02 - Other Outstanding Issues with Patents 2304 - Suggesting an Interference 2304.01 - [Reserved] 2304.01(a) - Interference Search 2304.01(b) - Obtaining Control Over Involved Files 2304.01(c) - Translation of Foreign Benefit Application 2304.01(d) - Sorting Claims 2304.02 - Applicant Suggestion 2304.02(a) - Identifying the Other Application or Patent 2304.02(b) - Counts and Corresponding Claims 2304.02(c) - Explaining Priority 2304.02(d) - Adequate Written Description 2304.03 - Patentee Suggestion 2304.04 - Examiner Suggestion 2304.04(a) - Interfering Claim Already in Application 2304.04(b) - Requiring a Claim 2304.04(c) - Rejections Based on Disclaimer 2304.05 - Common Ownership 2305 - Requiring a Priority Showing 2306 - Secrecy Order Cases 2307 - Action During an Interference 2307.01 - Ex Parte Communications 2307.02 - Access to Related Files 2307.03 - Suspension of Related Examinations 2307.04 - Additional Parties to Interference 2307.05 - Board Action on Related Files 2307.06 - Action at the Board 2308 - Action After an Interference 2308.01 - Final Disposal of Claims 2308.02 - Added or Amended Claims 2308.03 - Estoppel Within the Office 2308.03(a) - Losing Party 2308.03(b) - No Interference-in-Fact 2308.03(c) - No Second Interference 2308.04 - Office Procedure Following Decision by the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit 2309 - National Aeronautics and Space Administration or Department of Energy 2310 - Derivation Proceedings 2310.01 - Statutory Basis 2310.02 - Definitions 2311 - Consult a Technology Center Practice Specialist 2312 - Board May Assume Jurisdiction 2313 - Action Once a Derivation Proceeding is Instituted 2314 - Action at the Board 2315 - Action After a Derivation Proceeding is Decided 2400 - Biotechnology 2401 - Introduction 2402 - The Deposit Rules 2403 - Deposit of Biological Material 2403.01 - Material Capable of Self- Replication 2403.02 - Plant Material 2404 - Need or Opportunity to Make a Deposit 2404.01 - Biological Material That Is Known and Readily Available to the Public 2404.02 - Biological Material That Can Be Made or Isolated Without Undue Experimentation 2404.03 - Reference to a Deposit in the Specification 2405 - Acceptable Depository 2406 - Time of Making an Original Deposit 2406.01 - Description in Application Specification 2406.02 - Deposit After Filing Date - Corroboration 2406.03 - Possible Loss of U.S. Filing Date in Other Countries 2407 - Replacement or Supplement of Deposit 2407.01 - In a Pending Application 2407.02 - After a Patent Has Issued 2407.03 - Failure to Replace 2407.04 - Treatment of Replacement 2407.05 - Exemption From Replacement 2407.06 - Replacement May Not Be Recognized 2408 - Term of Deposit 2409 - Viability of Deposit 2410 - Furnishing of Samples 2410.01 - Conditions of Deposit 2410.02 - Certification of Statement of Availability of Deposit 2411 - Examination Procedures 2411.01 - Rejections Based on Deposit Issue 2411.02 - Replies to Rejections Based on Deposit Issue 2411.03 - Application in Condition for Allowance Except for Deposit 2411.04 - [Reserved] 2411.05 - Content of Application with Respect to Deposited Material 2412‑2419 - [Reserved] 2420 - The Requirements for Patent Applications Containing Nucleotide Sequence and/or Amino Acid Sequence Disclosures - the Sequence Rules 2421 - Overview of the Sequence Rules 2421.01 - Definition of “Sequence Listing” and “CRF” 2421.02 - Summary of the Requirements of the Sequence Rules 2421.03 - Notification of a Failure to Comply 2421.04 - Future Changes to the Sequence Rules 2422 - Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Disclosures in Patent Applications 2422.01 - Nucleotide and/or Amino Acids Disclosures Requiring a Sequence Listing 2422.02 - The Requirement for Exclusive Conformance; Sequences Presented in Drawing Figures 2422.03 - Sequence Listing Submission 2422.03(a) - Sequence Listings Submitted as ASCII Text Files via EFS-Web 2422.04 - The Requirement for a Computer Readable Copy of the Official Copy of the Sequence Listing 2422.05 - Request for Transfer of Computer Readable Form 2422.06 - Requirement for Statement Regarding Content of Official and Computer Readable Copies of Sequence Listing 2422.07 - Requirements for Compliance, Statements Regarding New Matter, and Sanctions for Failure to Comply 2422.08 - Presumptions Regarding Compliance 2422.09 - Box Sequence; Hand Delivery of Sequence Listings and Computer Readable Forms 2423 - Symbols and Format To Be Used for Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Data 2423.01 - Format and Symbols To Be Used in Sequence Listings 2423.02 - Depiction of Coding Regions 2423.03 - Presentation and Numbering of Sequences 2424 - Requirements for Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequences as Part of the Application Papers 2424.01 - Informational Requirements for the Sequence Listing 2424.02 - Sequence Listing Numeric Identifiers 2424.03 - Additional Miscellaneous Requirements 2425 - Form and Format for Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Submissions in Computer Readable Form 2426 - Amendments to or Replacement of Sequence Listing and Computer Readable Copy Thereof 2427 - Form Paragraphs 2428 - Sample Statements 2429 - Helpful Hints for Compliance 2430 - PatentIn Information 2431 - Sample Sequence Listing 2432‑2433 - [Reserved] 2434 - Examination of Patent Applications Claiming Large Numbers of Nucleotide Sequences 2435 - Publishing of Patents and Patent Application Publications with Lengthy Sequence Listings 2500 - Maintenance Fees 2501 - Introduction 2502-2503 - [Reserved] 2504 - Patents Subject to Maintenance Fees 2505 - [Reserved] 2506 - Times for Submitting Maintenance Fee Payments 2507-2509 - [Reserved] 2510 - Submission of Maintenance Fee Payments and Documents 2511-2514 - [Reserved] 2515 - Information Required for Submission of Maintenance Fee Payment 2516-2519 - [Reserved] 2520 - Maintenance Fee Amounts 2521 - [Reserved] 2522 - Methods of Payment 2523-2529 - [Reserved] 2530 - Special Acceptance of Maintenance Fee Payments Containing Informalities 2531 - Payment Late or Insufficient 2532 - Duplicate Payments 2533-2539 - [Reserved] 2540 - Fee Address for Maintenance Fee Purposes 2541 - [Reserved] 2542 - Change of Correspondence Address 2543-2549 - [Reserved] 2550 - Entity Status Discounts 2551-2559 - [Reserved] 2560 - Revocation of Power of Attorney and Withdrawal of Attorney 2561-2569 - [Reserved] 2570 - Maintenance Fee Payment Status Requests 2571-2574 - [Reserved] 2575 - Notices 2576-2579 - [Reserved] 2580 - Review of Decision Refusing to Accept and Record Payment of a Maintenance Fee Filed Prior to Expiration of Patent 2581-2589 - [Reserved] 2590 - Acceptance of Delayed Payment of Maintenance Fee in Expired Patent to Reinstate Patent 2591 - Intervening Rights in Reinstated Patents 2592-2594 - [Reserved] 2595 - Forms 2600 - Optional Inter Partes Reexamination 2601 - Introduction 2601.01 - Flowcharts 2602 - Citation of Prior Art 2603 - 2608 - [Reserved] 2609 - Inter Partes Reexamination 2610 - Request for Inter Partes Reexamination 2611 - Time for Requesting Inter Partes Reexamination 2612 - Persons Who May File a Request 2613 - Representative of Requester 2614 - Content of Request for Inter Partes Reexamination 2615 - Fee for Requesting Inter Partes Reexamination 2616 - Substantial New Question of Patentability/Reasonable Likelihood That Requester Will Prevail 2617 - Statement in the Request Applying Prior Art 2618 - Copies of Prior Art (Patents and Printed Publications) 2619 - Copy of Printed Patent 2620 - Certificate of Service 2621 - [Reserved] 2622 - Address of Patent Owner 2623 - Withdrawal of Attorney or Agent 2624 - Correspondence 2625 - Untimely Paper Filed Prior to First Office Action 2626 - Initial Processing of Request for Inter Partes Reexamination 2627 - Incomplete Request for Inter Partes Reexamination 2628 - [Reserved] 2629 - Notice of Request for Inter Partes Reexamination in Official Gazette 2630 - Constructive Notice to Patent Owner 2631 - Processing of Request Corrections 2632 - Public Access 2632.01 - Determining If a Reexamination Request Was Filed for a Patent 2633 - [Reserved] 2634 - Fee Processing and Procedure 2635 - Record Systems 2636 - Assignment of Reexamination 2637 - [Reserved] 2638 - Time Reporting 2639 - [Reserved] 2640 - Decision on Request 2641 - Time for Deciding Request 2642 - Criteria for Deciding Request 2643 - Claims Considered in Deciding Request 2644 - Prior Art on Which the Determination Is Based 2645 - [Reserved] 2646 - Decision Ordering Reexamination 2647 - Decision Denying Reexamination 2647.01 - Examples of Decisions on Requests 2647.02 - Processing of Decision 2648 - Petition From Denial of Request 2649 - 2653 - [Reserved] 2654 - Conduct of Inter Partes Reexamination Proceedings 2655 - Who Reexamines 2656 - Prior Art Patents and Printed Publications Reviewed by Examiner in Reexamination 2657 - Listing of Prior Art 2658 - Scope of Inter Partes Reexamination 2659 - Res Judicata and Collateral Estoppel in Reexamination Proceedings 2660 - First Office Action 2660.01 - [Reserved] 2660.02 - The Title 2660.03 - Dependent Claims 2661 - Special Status for Action 2662 - Time for Response and Comments 2663 - [Reserved] 2664 - Mailing of Office Action 2665 - Extension of Time for Patent Owner Response 2666 - Patent Owner Response to Office Action 2666.01 - Amendment by Patent Owner 2666.02 - Correction of Patent Drawings 2666.03 - Correction of Inventorship 2666.04 - Fees for Adding Claims 2666.05 - Third Party Comments After Patent Owner Response 2666.06 - Service of Papers 2666.07-2666.09 - [Reserved] 2666.10 - Patent Owner Does Not Respond to Office Action 2666.11 - 2666.19 - [Reserved] 2666.20 - Third Party Does Not Comment After Patent Owner Response 2666.21 - 2666.29 - [Reserved] 2666.30 - Submission Not Fully Responsive to Non-final Office Action 2666.31 - 2666.39 - [Reserved] 2666.40 - Patent Owner Completion of Response and Third Party Comments Thereon 2666.41-2666.49 - [Reserved] 2666.50 - Examiner Issues Notice of Defective Paper in Inter Partes Reexamination 2666.51-2666.59 - [Reserved] 2666.60 - Response by Patent Owner/Third Party to Notice of Defective Paper 2667 - Handling of Inappropriate or Untimely Filed Papers 2668 - Petition for Entry of Late Papers for Revival of Reexamination Proceeding 2669 - [Reserved] 2670 - Clerical Handling 2671 - Examiner Action Following Response/Comments or Expiration of Time for Same 2671.01 - Examiner Issues Action on Merits That Does Not Close Prosecution 2671.02 - Examiner Issues Action Closing Prosecution (ACP) 2671.03 - Panel Review 2672 - Patent Owner Comments/Amendment After ACP and Third Party Requester Responsive Comments 2673 - Examiner Consideration of Submissions After ACP and Further Action 2673.01 - Reopening Prosecution After ACP 2673.02 - Examiner Issues Right of Appeal Notice (RAN) 2674 - Appeal in Inter Partes Reexamination 2674.01 - Cross Appeal After Original Appeal 2675 - Appellant Brief 2675.01 - Respondent Brief 2675.02 - Informalities in One or More of the Briefs 2676 - Appeal Conference 2677 - Examiner’s Answer 2678 - Rebuttal Briefs 2679 - Office Treatment of Rebuttal Brief 2680 - Oral Hearing 2681 - Board Decision 2682 - Action Following Decision 2683 - Appeal to Courts 2684 - Information Material to Patentability in Reexamination Proceeding 2685 - No Interviews on Merits in Inter Partes Reexamination Proceedings 2686 - Notification of Existence of Prior or Concurrent Proceedings and Decisions Thereon 2686.01 - Multiple Copending Reexamination Proceedings 2686.02 - Copending Reexamination and Interference Proceedings 2686.03 - Copending Reexamination and Reissue Proceedings 2686.04 - Reexamination and Litigation Proceedings 2686.05 - Reexamination and Inter Partes Review Proceedings, Post-Grant Review, and Covered Business Method Patent Review 2687 - Notice of Intent to Issue Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate (NIRC) and Conclusion of Reexamination Proceeding 2687.01 - Examiner Consideration of Submissions After NIRC 2688 - Issuance of Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate 2689 - Reexamination Review 2690 - Format of Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate 2691 - Notice of Inter Partes Reexamination Certificate Issuance in Official Gazette 2692 - Distribution of Certificate 2693 - Intervening Rights 2694 - Concluded Reexamination Proceedings 2695 - Reexamination of a Reexamination 2696 - USPTO Forms To Be Used in Inter Partes Reexamination 2700 - Patent Terms, Adjustments, and Extensions 2701 - Patent Term 2702-2709 - [Reserved] 2710 - Term Extensions or Adjustments for Delays Within the USPTO Under 35 U.S.C. 154 2711-2719 - [Reserved] 2720 - Applications Filed Between June 8, 1995, and May 28, 2000 2721-2729 - [Reserved] 2730 - Applications Filed on or After May 29, 2000; Grounds for Adjustment 2731 - Period of Adjustment 2732 - Reduction of Period of Adjustment of Patent Term 2733 - Patent Term Adjustment Determination 2734 - Application for Patent Term Adjustment; Due Care Showing 2735 - [Reserved] 2736 - Third Party Papers 2737-2749 - [Reserved] 2750 - Patent Term Extension for Delays at other Agencies under 35 U.S.C. 156 2751 - Eligibility Requirements 2752 - Patent Term Extension Applicant 2753 - Application Contents 2754 - Filing Date 2754.01 - Deadline for Filing an Application Under 35 U.S.C. 156(d)(1) 2754.02 - Filing Window for an Application Under 35 U.S.C. 156(d)(5) 2754.03 - [Removed and Reserved] 2755 - Eligibility Determination 2755.01 - Interim Extension of Patent Term During the Processing of the Application 2755.02 - Interim Extension of Patent Term Before Product Approval 2756 - Correspondence Between the USPTO and the Regulatory Agency 2757 - Regulatory Agency Determination of the Length of the Regulatory Review Period 2757.01 - Due Diligence Determination 2758 - Notice of Final Determination - Calculation of Patent Term Extension 2759 - Certificate of Extension of Patent Term 2760 - Trade Secret, Confidential, and Protective Order Material 2761 - Multiple Applications for Extension of Term of the Same Patent or of Different Patents for the Same Regulatory Review Period for a Product 2762 - Duty of Disclosure in Patent Term Extension Proceedings 2762.01 - Duty of Disclosure When a Terminal Disclaimer is Filed During Patent Term Extension Proceedings 2763 - Limitation of Third Party Participation 2764 - Express Withdrawal of Application for Extension of Patent Term 2765 - Petition for Stay in Processing of Patent Term Extension Application 2766 - Processing of Patent Term Extension Applications When Reissue Has Been Filed 2800 - Supplemental Examination 2801 - Introduction 2802 - Supplemental Examination 2803 - Persons Who May File a Request for Supplemental Examination 2803.01 - Inquiries from Persons Other Than the Patent Owner 2803.02 - Public Access 2804 - Representative of Patent Owner 2804.01 - Withdrawal of Attorney or Agent 2805 - Correspondence with Patent Owner; Patent Owner Address 2806 - How to File Papers in a Supplemental Examination Proceeding and in Any Resulting Ex Parte Reexamination Proceeding 2807 - Format of Papers Filed in a Supplemental Examination Proceeding 2808 - Time for Requesting Supplemental Examination 2809 - Items of Information 2809.01 - Information Relating to the Correction of Factual Information 2810 - Fees Due on Filing a Supplemental Examination Request 2810.01 - Document Size Fees 2811 - Content of Request for Supplemental Examination 2811.01 - Detailed Explanation of the Relevance and Manner of Applying Each Item of Information 2811.02 - Optional Content 2812 - Initial Processing of a Request for Supplemental Examination 2812.01 - Filing Date of the Request 2812.02 - Noncompliant Request for Supplemental Examination 2812.03 - Corrected Request 2812.04 - Termination Due to Defective/Improper Request or Corrected Request 2813 - Handling of Papers, Other Than a Request, in a Supplemental Examination Proceeding 2813.01 - Amendments 2814 - Interviews Are Prohibited 2815 - Time for Deciding Request 2816 - Determination on the Request 2816.01 - Claims Considered in Making the Determination 2816.02 - Criteria for Making the Determination 2816.03 - Content of the Determination 2816.04 - Effect of the Determination 2817 - Conclusion of Supplemental Examination 2817.01 - Processing and Electronic Issuance of Supplemental Examination Certificate 2818 - Procedure after Conclusion of Supplemental Examination 2818.01 - After Determination Finding a Substantial New Question of Patentability 2818.02 - After Determination Finding No Substantial New Question of Patentability 2819 - Discovery of Possible Material Fraud 2820 - Submission of Notification of Other Prior or Concurrent Post-Patent Office Proceedings 2821 - Multiple Post-Patent Office Proceedings 2822 - Assignment of the Supplemental Examination Proceeding 2823 - Differences Between an Ex Parte Reexamination Proceeding Ordered Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 257 and an Ex Parte Reexamination Proceeding Ordered Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 302 2900 - International Design Applications 2901 - Basic Hague Agreement Principles 2902 - Definitions 2903 - Declarations under the Hague Agreement Made by the United States of America 2904 - Who May File An International Design Application 2905 - Where to File An International Design Application 2905.01 - Filing Through the USPTO as an Office of Indirect Filing 2906 - Filing Date Requirements 2907 - International Registration and Date of the International Registration 2908 - Filing Date in the United States 2909 - Contents of the International Design Application 2909.01 - Official Form for the Application for International Registration 2909.02 - Reproductions (Drawings) 2909.02(a) - Reproductions Submitted Through EFS-Web 2909.03 - Annexes 2910 - International Design Application Fees 2911 - Representation 2912 - Correspondence in Respect of International Design Applications Filed With the USPTO as an Office of Indirect Filing 2913 - Relief from Prescribed Time Limits 2914 - Conversion of an International Design Application to a Design Application Under 35 U.S.C. Chapter 16 2915-2919 - [Reserved] 2920 - National Processing of International Design Applications Designating the United States 2920.01 - Inventorship 2920.02 - Applicant 2920.03 - Correspondence Address 2920.04 - Elements of a Nonprovisional International Design Application 2920.04(a) - Specification 2920.04(b) - Reproductions (Drawings) 2920.04(c) - Inventor’s Oath or Declaration 2920.05 - Examination 2920.05(a) - Notification of Refusal 2920.05(b) - One Independent and Distinct Design 2920.05(c) - Considerations Under 35 U.S.C. 112 2920.05(d) - Foreign Priority 2920.05(e) - Benefit Claims Under 35 U.S.C. 386(c) 2920.05(f) - Information Disclosure Statement in an International Design Application Designating the United States 2920.06 - Allowance 2921-2929 - [Reserved] 2930 - Corrections and Other Changes in the International Register 2931-2939 - [Reserved] 2940 - Statement of Grant of Protection 2941-2949 - [Reserved] 2950 - Grant of Protection Only Upon Issuance of Patent; Term of Design Patent I - [Reserved] II - List of Decisions Cited L - Patent Laws 35 U.S.C. 1 - Establishment. 35 U.S.C. 2 - Powers and duties. 35 U.S.C. 3 - Officers and employees. 35 U.S.C. 4 - Restrictions on officers and employees as to interest in patents. 35 U.S.C. 5 - Patent and Trademark Office Public Advisory Committees. 35 U.S.C. 6 - Patent Trial and Appeal Board. 35 U.S.C. 6 (pre‑AIA) - Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. 35 U.S.C. 7 - Library. 35 U.S.C. 8 - Classification of patents. 35 U.S.C. 9 - Certified copies of records. 35 U.S.C. 10 - Publications. 35 U.S.C. 11 - Exchange of copies of patents and applications with foreign countries. 35 U.S.C. 12 - Copies of patents and applications for public libraries. 35 U.S.C. 13 - Annual report to Congress. 35 U.S.C. 21 - Filing date and day for taking action. 35 U.S.C. 22 - Printing of papers filed. 35 U.S.C. 23 - Testimony in Patent and Trademark Office cases. 35 U.S.C. 24 - Subpoenas, witnesses. 35 U.S.C. 25 - Declaration in lieu of oath. 35 U.S.C. 26 - Effect of defective execution. 35 U.S.C. 27 - Revival of applications; reinstatement of reexamination proceedings. 35 U.S.C. 31 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 32 - Suspension or exclusion from practice. 35 U.S.C. 33 - Unauthorized representation as practitioner. 35 U.S.C. 41 - Patent fees; patent and trademark search systems. 35 U.S.C. 42 - Patent and Trademark Office funding. 35 U.S.C. 100 (note) - AIA First inventor to file provisions. 35 U.S.C. 100 - Definitions. 35 U.S.C. 100 (pre‑AIA) - Definitions. 35 U.S.C. 101 - Inventions patentable. 35 U.S.C. 102 - Conditions for patentability; novelty. 35 U.S.C. 102 (pre‑AIA) - Conditions for patentability; novelty and loss of right to patent. 35 U.S.C. 103 - Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter. 35 U.S.C. 103 (pre‑AIA) - Conditions for patentability; non-obvious subject matter. 35 U.S.C. 104 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 104 (pre‑AIA) - Invention made abroad. 35 U.S.C. 105 - Inventions in outer space. 35 U.S.C. 111 - Application. 35 U.S.C. 111 (pre-PLT (AIA)) - Application. 35 U.S.C. 111 (pre‑AIA) - Application. 35 U.S.C. 112 - Specification. 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre‑AIA) - Specification. 35 U.S.C. 113 - Drawings. 35 U.S.C. 114 - Models, specimens. 35 U.S.C. 115 - Inventor’s oath or declaration. 35 U.S.C. 115 (pre‑AIA) - Oath of applicant. 35 U.S.C. 116 - Inventors. 35 U.S.C. 116 (pre‑AIA) - Inventors. 35 U.S.C. 117 - Death or incapacity of inventor. 35 U.S.C. 118 - Filing by other than inventor. 35 U.S.C. 118 (pre‑AIA) - Filing by other than inventor. 35 U.S.C. 119 - Benefit of earlier filing date; right of priority. 35 U.S.C. 119 (pre‑AIA) - Benefit of earlier filing date; right of priority. 35 U.S.C. 120 - Benefit of earlier filing date in the United States. 35 U.S.C. 120 (pre‑AIA) - Benefit of earlier filing date in the United States. 35 U.S.C. 121 - Divisional applications. 35 U.S.C. 121 (pre‑AIA) - Divisional applications. 35 U.S.C. 122 - Confidential status of applications; publication of patent applications. 35 U.S.C. 123 - Micro entity defined. 35 U.S.C. 131 - Examination of application. 35 U.S.C. 132 - Notice of rejection; reexamination. 35 U.S.C. 133 - Time for prosecuting application. 35 U.S.C. 134 - Appeal to the Patent Trial and Appeal Board. 35 U.S.C. 134 (transitional) - Appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. 35 U.S.C. 134 (pre‑AIA) - Appeal to the Board of Patent Appeals and Interferences. 35 U.S.C. 135 - Derivation proceedings. 35 U.S.C. 135 (pre‑AIA) - Interferences. 35 U.S.C. 141 - Appeal to Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. 35 U.S.C. 141 (pre‑AIA) - Appeal to the Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. 35 U.S.C. 142 - Notice of appeal. 35 U.S.C. 143 - Proceedings on appeal. 35 U.S.C. 143 (pre‑AIA) - Proceedings on appeal. 35 U.S.C. 144 - Decision on appeal. 35 U.S.C. 145 - Civil action to obtain patent. 35 U.S.C. 145 (pre‑AIA) - Civil action to obtain patent. 35 U.S.C. 146 - Civil action in case of derivation proceeding. 35 U.S.C. 146 (pre‑AIA) - Civil action in case of interference. 35 U.S.C. 151 - Issue of patent. 35 U.S.C. 152 - Issue of patent to assignee. 35 U.S.C. 153 - How issued. 35 U.S.C. 154 - Contents and term of patent; provisional rights. 35 U.S.C. 154 (pre‑AIA) - Contents and term of patent; provisional rights. 35 U.S.C. 155 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 155A - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 156 - Extension of patent term. 35 U.S.C. 157 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 157 (pre‑AIA) - Statutory invention registration. 35 U.S.C. 161 - Patents for plants. 35 U.S.C. 162 - Description, claim. 35 U.S.C. 163 - Grant. 35 U.S.C. 164 - Assistance of the Department of Agriculture. 35 U.S.C. 171 - Patents for designs. 35 U.S.C. 172 - Right of priority. 35 U.S.C. 172 (pre‑AIA) - Right of priority. 35 U.S.C. 173 - Term of design patent. 35 U.S.C. 181 - Secrecy of certain inventions and withholding of patent. 35 U.S.C. 182 - Abandonment of invention for unauthorized disclosure. 35 U.S.C. 183 - Right to compensation. 35 U.S.C. 184 - Filing of application in foreign country. 35 U.S.C. 184 (pre‑AIA) - Filing of application in foreign country. 35 U.S.C. 185 - Patent barred for filing without license. 35 U.S.C. 185 (pre‑AIA) - Patent barred for filing without license. 35 U.S.C. 186 - Penalty. 35 U.S.C. 187 - Nonapplicability to certain persons. 35 U.S.C. 188 - Rules and regulations, delegation of power. 35 U.S.C. 200 - Policy and objective. 35 U.S.C. 201 - Definitions. 35 U.S.C. 202 - Disposition of rights. 35 U.S.C. 202 (pre‑AIA) - Disposition of rights. 35 U.S.C. 203 - March-in rights. 35 U.S.C. 204 - Preference for United States industry. 35 U.S.C. 205 - Confidentiality. 35 U.S.C. 206 - Uniform clauses and regulations. 35 U.S.C. 207 - Domestic and foreign protection of federally owned inventions. 35 U.S.C. 208 - Regulations governing Federal licensing. 35 U.S.C. 209 - Licensing federally owned inventions. 35 U.S.C. 210 - Precedence of chapter. 35 U.S.C. 211 - Relationship to antitrust laws. 35 U.S.C. 212 - Disposition of rights in educational awards. 35 U.S.C. 251 - Reissue of defective patents. 35 U.S.C. 251 (pre‑AIA) - Reissue of defective patents. 35 U.S.C. 252 - Effect of reissue. 35 U.S.C. 253 - Disclaimer. 35 U.S.C. 253 (pre‑AIA) - Disclaimer. 35 U.S.C. 254 - Certificate of correction of Patent and Trademark Office mistake. 35 U.S.C. 255 - Certificate of correction of applicant’s mistake. 35 U.S.C. 256 - Correction of named inventor. 35 U.S.C. 256 (pre‑AIA) - Correction of named inventor. 35 U.S.C. 257 - Supplemental examinations to consider, reconsider, or correct information. 35 U.S.C. 261 - Ownership; assignment. 35 U.S.C. 262 - Joint owners. 35 U.S.C. 266 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 267 - Time for taking action in Government applications. 35 U.S.C. 271 - Infringement of patent. 35 U.S.C. 272 - Temporary presence in the United States. 35 U.S.C. 273 - Defense to infringement based on prior commercial use. 35 U.S.C. 281 - Remedy for infringement of patent. 35 U.S.C. 282 - Presumption of validity; defenses. 35 U.S.C. 283 - Injunction. 35 U.S.C. 284 - Damages. 35 U.S.C. 285 - Attorney fees. 35 U.S.C. 286 - Time limitation on damages. 35 U.S.C. 287 - Limitation on damages and other remedies; marking and notice. 35 U.S.C. 288 - Action for infringement of a patent containing an invalid claim. 35 U.S.C. 288 (pre‑AIA) - Action for infringement of a patent containing an invalid claim. 35 U.S.C. 289 - Additional remedy for infringement of design patent. 35 U.S.C. 290 - Notice of patent suits. 35 U.S.C. 291 - Derived Patents. 35 U.S.C. 291 (pre‑AIA) - Interfering patents. 35 U.S.C. 292 - False marking. 35 U.S.C. 293 - Nonresident patentee; service and notice. 35 U.S.C. 294 - Voluntary arbitration. 35 U.S.C. 295 - Presumption: Product made by patented process. 35 U.S.C. 296 - Liability of States, instrumentalities of States, and State officials for infringement of patents. 35 U.S.C. 297 - Improper and deceptive invention promotion. 35 U.S.C. 298 - Advice of counsel. 35 U.S.C. 299 - Joinder of parties. 35 U.S.C. 301 - Citation of prior art and written statements. 35 U.S.C. 302 - Request for reexamination. 35 U.S.C. 303 - Determination of issue by Director. 35 U.S.C. 304 - Reexamination order by Director. 35 U.S.C. 305 - Conduct of reexamination proceedings. 35 U.S.C. 305 (pre‑AIA) - Conduct of reexamination proceedings. 35 U.S.C. 306 - Appeal. 35 U.S.C. 307 - Certificate of patentability, unpatentability, and claim cancellation. 35 U.S.C. 311 (note) - Inter partes review applicability provisions. 35 U.S.C. 311 - Inter partes review. 35 U.S.C. 312 - Petitions. 35 U.S.C. 313 - Preliminary response to petition. 35 U.S.C. 314 - Institution of inter partes review. 35 U.S.C. 315 - Relation to other proceedings or actions. 35 U.S.C. 316 - Conduct of inter partes review. 35 U.S.C. 317 - Settlement. 35 U.S.C. 318 - Decision of the Board. 35 U.S.C. 319 - Appeal. 35 U.S.C. 311 (pre‑AIA) - Request for inter partes reexamination. 35 U.S.C. 312 (transitional) - Determination of issue by Director. 35 U.S.C. 313 (transitional) - Inter partes reexamination order by Director. 35 U.S.C. 314 (pre‑AIA) - Conduct of inter partes reexamination proceedings. 35 U.S.C. 315 (pre‑AIA) - Appeal. 35 U.S.C. 316 (pre‑AIA) - Certificate of patentability, unpatentability and claim cancellation. 35 U.S.C. 317 (pre‑AIA) - Inter partes reexamination prohibited. 35 U.S.C. 318 (pre‑AIA) - Stay of litigation. 35 U.S.C. 321 (note) - Post-grant review applicability. 35 U.S.C. 321 - Post-grant review. 35 U.S.C. 322 - Petitions. 35 U.S.C. 323 - Preliminary response to petition. 35 U.S.C. 324 - Institution of post-grant review. 35 U.S.C. 325 - Relation to other proceedings or actions. 35 U.S.C. 326 - Conduct of post-grant review. 35 U.S.C. 327 - Settlement. 35 U.S.C. 328 - Decision of the Board. 35 U.S.C. 329 - Appeal. 35 U.S.C. 351 - Definitions. 35 U.S.C. 361 - Receiving Office. 35 U.S.C. 362 - International Searching Authority and International Preliminary Examining Authority. 35 U.S.C. 363 - International application designating the United States: Effect. 35 U.S.C. 363 (pre‑AIA) - International application designating the United States: Effect. 35 U.S.C. 364 - International stage: Procedure. 35 U.S.C. 365 - Right of priority; benefit of the filing date of a prior application. 35 U.S.C. 366 - Withdrawn international application. 35 U.S.C. 367 - Actions of other authorities: Review. 35 U.S.C. 368 - Secrecy of certain inventions; filing international applications in foreign countries. 35 U.S.C. 371 - National stage: Commencement. 35 U.S.C. 372 - National stage: Requirements and procedure. 35 U.S.C. 373 - [Repealed.] 35 U.S.C. 374 - Publication of international application. 35 U.S.C. 374 (pre‑AIA) - Publication of international application. 35 U.S.C. 375 - Patent issued on international application: Effect. 35 U.S.C. 375 (pre‑AIA) - Patent issued on international application: Effect. 35 U.S.C. 376 - Fees. 35 U.S.C. 381 - Definitions. 35 U.S.C. 382 - Filing international design applications. 35 U.S.C. 383 - International design application. 35 U.S.C. 384 - Filing date. 35 U.S.C. 385 - Effect of international design application. 35 U.S.C. 386 - Right of priority. 35 U.S.C. 387 - Relief from prescribed time limits. 35 U.S.C. 388 - Withdrawn or abandoned international design application. 35 U.S.C. 389 - Examination of international design application. 35 U.S.C. 390 - Publication of international design application. 18 U.S.C. 1001 - Statements or entries generally. 18 U.S.C. 2071 - Concealment, removal, or mutilation generally. AIA § 14 (Related to 35 U.S.C. 102, 103) - Tax strategies deemed within the prior art. AIA § 18 (Related to 35 U.S.C. 321) - Transitional program for covered business method patents. AIA § 33 (Related to 35 U.S.C. 101) - —Limitation on issuance of patents. U.S.C. INDEX Index - INDEX OF PATENT LAWS R - Patent Rules 1.1 - Addresses for non-trademark correspondence with the United States Patent and Trademark Office. 1.2 - Business to be transacted in writing. 1.3 - Business to be conducted with decorum and courtesy. 1.4 - Nature of correspondence and signature requirements. 1.5 - Identification of patent, patent application, or patent-related proceeding. 1.6 - Receipt of correspondence. 1.7 - Times for taking action; Expiration on Saturday, Sunday or Federal holiday. 1.8 - Certificate of mailing or transmission. 1.9 - Definitions. 1.10 - Filing of correspondence by Priority Mail Express®. 1.11 - Files open to the public. 1.12 - Assignment records open to public inspection. 1.12 (pre‑AIA) - Assignment records open to public inspection. 1.13 - Copies and certified copies. 1.14 - Patent applications preserved in confidence. 1.14 (pre‑AIA) - Patent applications preserved in confidence. 1.15 - [Reserved] 1.16 - National application filing, search, and examination fees. 1.17 - Patent application and reexamination processing fees. 1.18 - Patent post allowance (including issue) fees. 1.19 - Document supply fees. 1.20 - Post issuance fees. 1.21 - Miscellaneous fees and charges. 1.22 - Fees payable in advance. 1.23 - Methods of payment. 1.24 - [Reserved] 1.25 - Deposit accounts. 1.26 - Refunds. 1.27 - Definition of small entities and establishing status as a small entity to permit payment of small entity fees; when a determination of entitlement to small entity status and notification of loss of entitlement to small entity status are required; fraud on the Office. 1.27 (pre‑AIA) - Definition of small entities and establishing status as a small entity to permit payment of small entity fees; when a determination of entitlement to small entity status and notification of loss of entitlement to small entity status are required; fraud on the Office. 1.28 - Refunds when small entity status is later established; how errors in small entity status are excused. 1.29 - Micro entity status. 1.31 - Applicant may be represented by one or more patent practitioners or joint inventors. 1.32 - Power of attorney. 1.32 (pre‑AIA) - Power of attorney. 1.33 - Correspondence respecting patent applications, reexamination proceedings, and other proceedings. 1.33 (pre‑AIA) - Correspondence respecting patent applications, reexamination proceedings, and other proceedings. 1.34 - Acting in a representative capacity. 1.36 - Revocation of power of attorney; withdrawal of patent attorney or agent. 1.36 (pre‑AIA) - Revocation of power of attorney; withdrawal of patent attorney or agent. 1.41 - Inventorship. 1.41 (pre‑AIA) - Applicant for patent. 1.42 - Applicant for patent. 1.42 (pre‑AIA) - When the inventor is dead. 1.43 - Application for patent by a legal representative of a deceased or legally incapacitated inventor. 1.43 (pre‑AIA) - When the inventor is insane or legally incapacitated. 1.44 - [Reserved] 1.45 - Application for patent by joint inventors. 1.45 (pre‑AIA) - Joint inventors. 1.46 - Application for patent by an assignee, obligated assignee, or a person who otherwise shows sufficient proprietary interest in the matter. 1.46 (pre‑AIA) - Assigned inventions and patents. 1.47 - [Reserved] 1.47 (pre‑AIA) - Filing when an inventor refuses to sign or cannot be reached. 1.48 - Correction of inventorship pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 116 or correction of the name or order of names in a patent application, other than a reissue application. 1.51 - General requisites of an application. 1.52 - Language, paper, writing, margins, compact disc specifications. 1.53 - Application number, filing date, and completion of application. 1.53 (pre‑PLT (AIA)) - Application number, filing date, and completion of application. 1.53 (pre‑AIA) - Application number, filing date, and completion of application. 1.54 - Parts of application to be filed together; filing receipt. 1.55 - Claim for foreign priority. 1.56 - Duty to disclose information material to patentability. 1.56 (pre‑AIA) - Duty to disclose information material to patentability. 1.57 - Incorporation by reference. 1.57 (pre‑PLT) - Incorporation by reference. 1.58 - Chemical and mathematical formulae and tables. 1.59 - Expungement of information or copy of papers in application file. 1.60 - [Reserved] 1.61 - [Reserved] 1.62 - [Reserved] 1.63 - Inventor’s oath or declaration. 1.63 (pre‑AIA) - Oath or declaration. 1.64 - Substitute statement in lieu of an oath or declaration. 1.64 (pre‑AIA) - Person making oath or declaration. 1.66 - Statements under oath. 1.66 (pre‑AIA) - Officers authorized to administer oaths. 1.67 - Supplemental oath or declaration. 1.67 (pre‑AIA) - Supplemental oath or declaration. 1.68 - Declaration in lieu of oath. 1.69 - Foreign language oaths and declarations. 1.70 - [Reserved] 1.71 - Detailed description and specification of the invention. 1.72 - Title and abstract. 1.73 - Summary of the invention. 1.74 - Reference to drawings. 1.75 - Claim(s). 1.76 - Application data sheet. 1.76 (2012‑09‑16 thru 2013‑12‑17) - Application data sheet. 1.76 (pre‑AIA) - Application data sheet. 1.77 - Arrangement of application elements. 1.78 - Claiming benefit of earlier filing date and cross-references to other applications. 1.79 - [Reserved] 1.81 - Drawings required in patent application. 1.81 (2012‑09‑16 thru 2013‑12‑17) - Drawings required in patent application. 1.81 (pre‑AIA) - Drawings required in patent application. 1.83 - Content of drawing. 1.84 - Standards for drawings. 1.85 - Corrections to drawings. 1.88 - [Reserved] 1.91 - Models or exhibits not generally admitted as part of application or patent. 1.92 - [Reserved] 1.93 - Specimens. 1.94 - Return of models, exhibits or specimens. 1.95 - Copies of exhibits. 1.96 - Submission of computer program listings. 1.97 - Filing of information disclosure statement. 1.98 - Content of information disclosure statement. 1.99 - [Reserved] 1.101 - [Reserved] 1.102 - Advancement of examination. 1.103 - Suspension of action by the Office. 1.104 - Nature of examination. 1.105 - Requirements for information. 1.105 (pre‑AIA) - Requirements for information. 1.106 - [Reserved] 1.107 - [Reserved] 1.108 - [Reserved] 1.109 - Effective filing date of a claimed invention under the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. 1.110 - Inventorship and ownership of the subject matter of individual claims. 1.111 - Reply by applicant or patent owner to a non-final Office action. 1.112 - Reconsideration before final action. 1.113 - Final rejection or action. 1.114 - Request for continued examination. 1.115 - Preliminary amendments. 1.116 - Amendments and affidavits or other evidence after final action and prior to appeal. 1.117 - [Reserved] 1.118 - [Reserved] 1.119 - [Reserved] 1.121 - Manner of making amendments in applications. 1.122 - [Reserved] 1.123 - [Reserved] 1.124 - [Reserved] 1.125 - Substitute specification. 1.126 - Numbering of claims. 1.127 - [Reserved] 1.129 - Transitional procedures for limited examination after final rejection and restriction practice. 1.130 - Affidavit or declaration of attribution or prior public disclosure under the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act. 1.131 - Affidavit or declaration of prior invention or to disqualify commonly owned patent or published application as prior art. 1.132 - Affidavits or declarations traversing rejections or objections. 1.133 - Interviews. 1.134 - Time period for reply to an Office action. 1.135 - Abandonment for failure to reply within time period. 1.136 - Extensions of time. 1.137 - Revival of abandoned application, or terminated or limited reexamination prosecution. 1.138 - Express abandonment. 1.139 - [Reserved] 1.141 - Different inventions in one national application. 1.142 - Requirement for restriction. 1.143 - Reconsideration of requirement. 1.144 - Petition from requirement for restriction. 1.145 - Subsequent presentation of claims for different invention. 1.146 - Election of species. 1.151 - Rules applicable. 1.152 - Design drawings. 1.153 - Title, description and claim, oath or declaration. 1.153 (pre‑AIA) - Title, description and claim, oath or declaration. 1.154 - Arrangement of application elements in a design application. 1.155 - Expedited examination of design applications. 1.161 - Rules applicable. 1.162 - Applicant, oath or declaration. 1.162 (pre‑AIA) - Applicant, oath or declaration. 1.163 - Specification and arrangement of application elements in a plant application. 1.164 - Claim. 1.165 - Plant Drawings. 1.166 - Specimens. 1.167 - Examination. 1.171 - Application for reissue. 1.172 - Reissue applicant. 1.172 (pre‑AIA) - Applicants, assignees. 1.173 - Reissue specification, drawings, and amendments. 1.174 - [Reserved] 1.175 - Inventor’s oath or declaration for a reissue application. 1.175 (pre‑AIA) - Reissue oath or declaration. 1.176 - Examination of reissue. 1.177 - Issuance of multiple reissue patents. 1.178 - Original patent; continuing duty of applicant. 1.179 - [Reserved] 1.181 - Petition to the Director. 1.182 - Questions not specifically provided for. 1.183 - Suspension of rules. 1.184 - [Reserved] 1.191 - Appeal to Patent Trial and Appeal Board. 1.192 - [Reserved] 1.193 - [Reserved] 1.194 - [Reserved] 1.195 - [Reserved] 1.196 - [Reserved] 1.197 - Termination of proceedings. 1.198 - Reopening after a final decision of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board. 1.211 - Publication of applications. 1.211 (pre‑AIA) - Publication of applications. 1.213 - Nonpublication request. 1.215 - Patent application publication. 1.215 (pre‑AIA) - Patent application publication. 1.217 - Publication of a redacted copy of an application. 1.219 - Early publication. 1.221 - Voluntary publication or republication of patent application publication. 1.248 - Service of papers; manner of service; proof of service in cases other than interferences and trials. 1.251 - Unlocatable file. 1.290 - Submissions by third parties in applications. 1.291 - Protests by the public against pending applications. 1.292 - [Reserved] 1.293 - [Reserved] 1.293 (pre‑2013‑03‑16) - Statutory invention registration. 1.294 - [Reserved] 1.294 (pre‑2013‑03‑16) - Examination of request for publication of a statutory invention registration and patent application to which the request is directed. 1.295 - [Reserved] 1.295 (pre‑2013‑03‑16) - Review of decision finally refusing to publish a statutory invention registration. 1.296 - [Reserved] 1.296 (pre‑2013‑03‑16) - Withdrawal of request for publication of statutory invention registration. 1.297 - [Reserved] 1.297 (pre‑2013‑03‑16) - Publication of statutory invention registration. 1.301 - [Reserved] 1.302 - [Reserved] 1.303 - [Reserved] 1.304 - [Reserved] 1.311 - Notice of Allowance. 1.312 - Amendments after allowance. 1.313 - Withdrawal from issue. 1.314 - Issuance of patent. 1.315 - Delivery of patent. 1.316 - Application abandoned for failure to pay issue fee. 1.317 - [Reserved] 1.318 - [Reserved] 1.321 - Statutory disclaimers, including terminal disclaimers. 1.321 (pre‑AIA) - Statutory disclaimers, including terminal disclaimers. 1.322 - Certificate of correction of Office mistake. 1.323 - Certificate of correction of applicant’s mistake. 1.324 - Correction of inventorship in patent, pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 256. 1.325 - Other mistakes not corrected. 1.331 - [Reserved] 1.332 - [Reserved] 1.333 - [Reserved] 1.334 - [Reserved] 1.335 - Filing of notice of arbitration awards. 1.351 - [Reserved] 1.352 - [Reserved] 1.362 - Time for payment of maintenance fees. 1.363 - Fee address for maintenance fee purposes. 1.366 - Submission of maintenance fees. 1.377 - Review of decision refusing to accept and record payment of a maintenance fee filed prior to expiration of patent. 1.378 - Acceptance of delayed payment of maintenance fee in expired patent to reinstate patent. 1.401 - Definitions of terms under the Patent Cooperation Treaty. 1.412 - The United States Receiving Office. 1.413 - The United States International Searching Authority. 1.414 - The United States Patent and Trademark Office as a Designated Office or Elected Office. 1.415 - The International Bureau. 1.416 - The United States International Preliminary Examining Authority. 1.417 - Submission of translation of international publication. 1.419 - Display of currently valid control number under the Paperwork Reduction Act. 1.421 - Applicant for international application. 1.421 (pre‑AIA) - Applicant for international application. 1.422 - Legal representative as applicant in an international application. 1.422 (pre‑AIA) - When the inventor is dead. 1.423 - [Reserved] 1.423 (pre‑AIA) - When the inventor is insane or legally incapacitated. 1.424 - Assignee, obligated assignee, or person having sufficient proprietary interest as applicant in an international application. 1.425 - [Reserved] 1.431 - International application requirements. 1.431 (pre‑AIA) - International application requirements. 1.432 - Designation of States by filing an international application. 1.433 - Physical requirements of international application. 1.434 - The request. 1.435 - The description. 1.436 - The claims. 1.437 - The drawings. 1.438 - The abstract. 1.445 - International application filing, processing and search fees. 1.446 - Refund of international application filing and processing fees. 1.451 - The priority claim and priority document in an international application. 1.452 - Restoration of right of priority. 1.453 - Transmittal of documents relating to earlier search or classification. 1.455 - Representation in international applications. 1.461 - Procedures for transmittal of record copy to the International Bureau. 1.465 - Timing of application processing based on the priority date. 1.468 - Delays in meeting time limits. 1.471 - Corrections and amendments during international processing. 1.472 - Changes in person, name, or address of applicants and inventors. 1.475 - Unity of invention before the International Searching Authority, the International Preliminary Examining Authority and during the national stage. 1.476 - Determination of unity of invention before the International Searching Authority. 1.477 - Protest to lack of unity of invention before the International Searching Authority. 1.480 - Demand for international preliminary examination. 1.481 - Payment of international preliminary examination fees. 1.482 - International preliminary examination and processing fees. 1.484 - Conduct of international preliminary examination. 1.485 - Amendments by applicant during international preliminary examination. 1.488 - Determination of unity of invention before the International Preliminary Examining Authority. 1.489 - Protest to lack of unity of invention before the International Preliminary Examining Authority. 1.491 - National stage commencement, entry, and fulfillment. 1.491 (pre‑AIA) - National stage commencement and entry. 1.492 - National stage fees. 1.494 - [Reserved] 1.495 - Entering the national stage in the United States of America. 1.495 (pre‑AIA) - Entering the national stage in the United States of America. 1.496 - Examination of international applications in the national stage. 1.497 - Inventor’s oath or declaration under 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(4). 1.497 (pre‑AIA) - Oath or declaration under 35 U.S.C. 371(c)(4). 1.499 - Unity of invention during the national stage. 1.501 - Citation of prior art and written statements in patent files. 1.502 - Processing of prior art citations during an ex parte reexamination proceeding. 1.510 - Request for ex parte reexamination. 1.515 - Determination of the request for ex parte reexamination. 1.520 - Ex parte reexamination at the initiative of the Director. 1.525 - Order for ex parte reexamination. 1.530 - Statement by patent owner in ex parte reexamination; amendment by patent owner in ex parte or inter partes reexamination; inventorship change in ex parte or inter partes reexamination. 1.535 - Reply by third party requester in ex parte reexamination. 1.540 - Consideration of responses in ex parte reexamination. 1.550 - Conduct of ex parte reexamination proceedings. 1.552 - Scope of reexamination in ex parte reexamination proceedings. 1.555 - Information material to patentability in ex parte reexamination and inter partes reexamination proceedings. 1.560 - Interviews in ex parte reexamination proceedings. 1.565 - Concurrent office proceedings which include an ex parte reexamination proceeding. 1.570 - Issuance and publication of ex parte reexamination certificate concludes ex parte reexamination proceeding. 1.601 - Filing of papers in supplemental examination. 1.605 - Items of information. 1.610 - Content of request for supplemental examination. 1.615 - Format of papers filed in a supplemental examination proceeding. 1.620 - Conduct of supplemental examination proceeding. 1.625 - Conclusion of supplemental examination; publication of supplemental examination certificate; procedure after conclusion. 1.701 - Extension of patent term due to examination delay under the Uruguay Round Agreements Act (original applications, other than designs, filed on or after June 8, 1995, and before May 29, 2000). 1.702 - Grounds for adjustment of patent term due to examination delay under the Patent Term Guarantee Act of 1999 (original applications, other than designs, filed on or after May 29, 2000). 1.702 (pre‑2013‑04‑01) - Grounds for adjustment of patent term due to examination delay under the Patent Term Guarantee Act of 1999 (original applications, other than designs, filed on or after May 29, 2000). 1.703 - Period of adjustment of patent term due to examination delay. 1.703 (2012‑09‑17 thru 2013‑03‑31) - Period of adjustment of patent term due to examination delay. 1.703 (pre‑2012‑09‑17) - Period of adjustment of patent term due to examination delay. 1.704 - Reduction of period of adjustment of patent term. 1.704 (2013‑12‑18 thru 2015‑03‑09) - Reduction of period of adjustment of patent term. 1.704 (2012‑09‑17 thru 2013‑12‑17) - Reduction of period of adjustment of patent term. 1.704 (pre‑2013‑03‑31) - Reduction of period of adjustment of patent term. 1.704 (pre‑2012‑09‑17) - Reduction of period of adjustment of patent term. 1.705 - Patent term adjustment determination. 1.705 (pre‑2013‑04‑01) - Patent term adjustment determination. 1.710 - Patents subject to extension of the patent term. 1.720 - Conditions for extension of patent term. 1.730 - Applicant for extension of patent term; signature requirements. 1.740 - Formal requirements for application for extension of patent term; correction of informalities. 1.741 - Complete application given a filing date; petition procedure. 1.750 - Determination of eligibility for extension of patent term. 1.760 - Interim extension of patent term under 35 U.S.C. 156(e)(2). 1.765 - Duty of disclosure in patent term extension proceedings. 1.770 - Express withdrawal of application for extension of patent term. 1.775 - Calculation of patent term extension for a human drug, antibiotic drug, or human biological product. 1.776 - Calculation of patent term extension for a food additive or color additive. 1.777 - Calculation of patent term extension for a medical device. 1.778 - Calculation of patent term extension for an animal drug product. 1.779 - Calculation of patent term extension for a veterinary biological product. 1.780 - Certificate or order of extension of patent term. 1.785 - Multiple applications for extension of term of the same patent or of different patents for the same regulatory review period for a product. 1.790 - Interim extension of patent term under 35 U.S.C. 156(d)(5). 1.791 - Termination of interim extension granted prior to regulatory approval of a product for commercial marketing or use. 1.801 - Biological material. 1.802 - Need or opportunity to make a deposit. 1.803 - Acceptable depository. 1.804 - Time of making an original deposit. 1.805 - Replacement or supplement of deposit. 1.806 - Term of deposit. 1.807 - Viability of deposit. 1.808 - Furnishing of samples. 1.809 - Examination procedures. 1.821 - Nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence disclosures in patent applications. 1.822 - Symbols and format to be used for nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence data. 1.823 - Requirements for nucleotide and/or amino acid sequences as part of the application. 1.824 - Form and format for nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence submissions in computer readable form. 1.825 - Amendments to or replacement of sequence listing and computer readable copy thereof. 1.902 - Processing of prior art citations during an inter partes reexamination proceeding. 1.903 - Service of papers on parties in inter partes reexamination. 1.904 - Notice of inter partes reexamination in Official Gazette. 1.905 - Submission of papers by the public in inter partes reexamination. 1.906 - Scope of reexamination in inter partes reexamination proceeding. 1.907 - Inter partes reexamination prohibited. 1.913 - Persons eligible to file, and time for filing, a request for inter partes reexamination. 1.915 - Content of request for inter partes reexamination. 1.919 - Filing date of request for inter partes reexamination. 1.923 - Examiner’s determination on the request for inter partes reexamination. 1.925 - Partial refund if request for inter partes reexamination is not ordered. 1.927 - Petition to review refusal to order inter partes reexamination. 1.931 - Order for inter partes reexamination. 1.933 - Patent owner duty of disclosure in inter partes reexamination proceedings. 1.935 - Initial Office action usually accompanies order for inter partes reexamination. 1.937 - Conduct of inter partes reexamination. 1.939 - Unauthorized papers in inter partes reexamination 1.941 - Amendments by patent owner in inter partes reexamination. 1.943 - Requirements of responses, written comments, and briefs in inter partes reexamination. 1.945 - Response to Office action by patent owner in inter partes reexamination. 1.947 - Comments by third party requester to patent owner’s response in inter partes reexamination. 1.948 - Limitations on submission of prior art by third party requester following the order for inter partes reexamination. 1.949 - Examiner’s Office action closing prosecution in inter partes reexamination. 1.951 - Options after Office action closing prosecution in inter partes reexamination. 1.953 - Examiner’s Right of Appeal Notice in inter partes reexamination. 1.955 - Interviews prohibited in inter partes reexamination proceedings. 1.956 - Patent owner extensions of time in inter partes reexamination. 1.957 - Failure to file a timely, appropriate or complete response or comment in inter partes reexamination. 1.958 - Petition to revive inter partes reexamination prosecution terminated for lack of patent owner response. 1.959 - Appeal in inter partes reexamination. 1.961 - 1.977 - [Reserved] 1.979 - Return of Jurisdiction from the Patent Trial and Appeal Board; termination of appeal proceedings. 1.981 - Reopening after a final decision of the Patent Trial and Appeal Board. 1.983 - Appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit in inter partes reexamination. 1.985 - Notification of prior or concurrent proceedings in inter partes reexamination. 1.987 - Suspension of inter partes reexamination proceeding due to litigation. 1.989 - Merger of concurrent reexamination proceedings. 1.991 - Merger of concurrent reissue application and inter partes reexamination proceeding. 1.993 - Suspension of concurrent interference and inter partes reexamination proceeding. 1.995 - Third party requester’s participation rights preserved in merged proceeding. 1.997 - Issuance and publication of inter partes reexamination certificate concludes inter partes reexamination proceeding. 1.1001 - Definitions related to international design applications. 1.1002 - The United States Patent and Trademark Office as an office of indirect filing. 1.1003 - The United States Patent and Trademark Office as a designated office. 1.1004 - The International Bureau. 1.1005 - Display of currently valid control number under the Paperwork Reduction Act. 1.1011 - Applicant for international design application. 1.1012 - Applicant’s Contracting Party. 1.1021 - Contents of the international design application. 1.1022 - Form and signature. 1.1023 - Filing date of an international design application in the United States. 1.1024 - The description. 1.1025 - The claim. 1.1026 - Reproductions. 1.1027 - Specimens. 1.1028 - Deferment of publication. 1.1031 - International design application fees. 1.1041 - Representation in an international design application. 1.1042 - Correspondence respecting international design applications filed with the Office as an office of indirect filing. 1.1045 - Procedures for transmittal of international design application to the International Bureau. 1.1051 - Relief from prescribed time limits. 1.1052 - Conversion to a design application under 35 U.S.C. chapter 16. 1.1061 - Rules applicable. 1.1062 - Examination. 1.1063 - Notification of Refusal. 1.1064 - One independent and distinct design. 1.1065 - Corrections and other changes in the International Register. 1.1066 - Correspondence address for a nonprovisional international design application. 1.1067 - Title, description, and inventor’s oath or declaration. 1.1068 - Statement of grant of protection. 1.1070 - Notification of Invalidation. 1.1071 - Grant of protection for an industrial design only upon issuance of a patent. 3.1 - Definitions. 3.11 - Documents which will be recorded. 3.16 - Assignability of trademarks prior to filing an allegation of use. 3.21 - Identification of patents and patent applications. 3.24 - Requirements for documents and cover sheets relating to patents and patent applications. 3.25 - Recording requirements for trademark applications and registrations. 3.26 - English language requirement. 3.27 - Mailing address for submitting documents to be recorded. 3.28 - Requests for recording. 3.31 - Cover sheet content. 3.34 - Correction of cover sheet errors. 3.41 - Recording fees. 3.51 - Recording date. 3.54 - Effect of recording. 3.56 - Conditional assignments. 3.58 - Governmental registers. 3.61 - Domestic representative. 3.71 - Prosecution by assignee. 3.71 (pre‑AIA) - Prosecution by assignee. 3.73 - Establishing right of assignee to take action. 3.73 (pre‑AIA) - Establishing right of assignee to take action. 3.81 - Issue of patent to assignee. 3.85 - Issue of registration to assignee. 4.1 - Complaints Regarding Invention Promoters. 4.2 - Definitions. 4.3 - Submitting Complaints. 4.4 - Invention Promoter Reply. 4.5 - Notice by Publication. 4.6 - Attorneys and Agents. 5.1 - Applications and correspondence involving national security. 5.2 - Secrecy order. 5.3 - Prosecution of application under secrecy orders; withholding patent. 5.4 - Petition for rescission of secrecy order. 5.5 - Permit to disclose or modification of secrecy order. 5.6 - [Reserved] 5.7 - [Reserved] 5.8 - [Reserved] 5.11 - License for filing in, or exporting to, a foreign country an application on an invention made in the United States or technical data relating thereto. 5.12 - Petition for license. 5.13 - Petition for license; no corresponding application. 5.14 - Petition for license; corresponding U.S. application. 5.15 - Scope of license. 5.16 - [Reserved] 5.17 - [Reserved] 5.18 - Arms, ammunition, and implements of war. 5.19 - Export of technical data. 5.20 - Export of technical data relating to sensitive nuclear technology. 5.25 - Petition for retroactive license. 5.31 - [Reserved] 5.32 - [Reserved] 5.33 - [Reserved] Index - RULES RELATING TO PATENTS 11.1 - Definitions. 11.2 - Director of the Office of Enrollment and Discipline. 11.3 - Suspension of rules. 11.4 - [Reserved] 11.5 - Register of attorneys and agents in patent matters; practice before the office. 11.6 - Registration of attorneys and agents. 11.7 - Requirements for registration. 11.8 - Oath and registration fee. 11.9 - Limited recognition in patent matters. 11.10 - Restrictions on practice in patent matters. 11.11 - Administrative suspension, inactivation, resignation, and readmission. 11.12 - 11.13 - [Reserved] 11.14 - Individuals who may practice before the Office in trademark and other non-patent matters. 11.15 - Refusal to recognize a practitioner. 11.16 - Requirements for admission to the USPTO Law School Clinic Certification Program. 11.17 - Requirements for participation in the USPTO Law School Clinic Certification Program. 11.18 - Signature and certificate for correspondence filed in the Office. 11.19 - Disciplinary jurisdiction; Jurisdiction to transfer to disability inactive status. 11.20 - Disciplinary sanctions; Transfer to disability inactive status. 11.21 - Warnings. 11.22 - Disciplinary Investigations. 11.23 - Committee on Discipline. 11.24 - Reciprocal discipline. 11.25 - Interim suspension and discipline based upon conviction of committing a serious crime. 11.26 - Settlement. 11.27 - Exclusion on consent. 11.28 - Incapacitated practitioners in a disciplinary proceeding. 11.29 - Reciprocal transfer or initial transfer to disability inactive status. 11.30 - 11.31 - [Reserved] 11.32 - Instituting a disciplinary proceeding. 11.33 - [Reserved] 11.34 - Complaint. 11.35 - Service of complaint. 11.36 - Answer to complaint. 11.37 - [Reserved] 11.38 - Contested case. 11.39 - Hearing officer; appointment; responsibilities; review of interlocutory orders; stays. 11.40 - Representative for OED Director or respondent. 11.41 - Filing of papers. 11.42 - Service of papers. 11.43 - Motions. 11.44 - Hearings. 11.45 - Amendment of pleadings. 11.46 - 11.48 - [Reserved] 11.49 - Burden of proof. 11.50 - Evidence. 11.51 - Depositions. 11.52 - Discovery. 11.53 - Proposed findings and conclusions; post-hearing memorandum. 11.54 - Initial decision of hearing officer. 11.55 - Appeal to the USPTO Director. 11.56 - Decision of the USPTO Director. 11.57 - Review of final decision of the USPTO Director. 11.58 - Duties of disciplined or resigned practitioner, or practitioner on disability inactive status. 11.59 - Dissemination of disciplinary and other information. 11.60 - Petition for reinstatement. 11.61 - [Reserved] 11.62 -11.99 - [Reserved] 11.100 - [Reserved] 11.101 - Competence. 11.102 - Scope of representation and allocation of authority between client and practitioner. 11.103 - Diligence. 11.104 - Communication. 11.105 - Fees. 11.106 - Confidentiality of information. 11.107 - Conflict of interest; Current clients. 11.108 - Conflict of interest; Current clients; Specific rules. 11.109 - Duties to former clients. 11.110 - Imputation of conflicts of interest; General rule. 11.111 - Former or current Federal Government employees. 11.112 - Former judge, arbitrator, mediator or other third-party neutral. 11.113 - Organization as client. 11.114 - Client with diminished capacity. 11.115 - Safekeeping property. 11.116 - Declining or terminating representation. 11.117 - Sale of law practice. 11.118 - Duties to prospective client. 11.119 - 11.200 - [Reserved] 11.201 - Advisor. 11.202 - [Reserved] 11.203 - Evaluation for use by third persons. 11.204 - Practitioner serving as third-party neutral. 11.205 - 11.300 - [Reserved] 11.301 - Meritorious claims and contentions. 11.302 - Expediting proceedings. 11.303 - Candor toward the tribunal. 11.304 - Fairness to opposing party and counsel. 11.305 - Impartiality and decorum of the tribunal. 11.306 - Trial publicity. 11.307 - Practitioner as witness. 11.308 - [Reserved] 11.309 - Advocate in nonadjudicative proceedings. 11.310 - 11.400 - [Reserved] 11.401 - Truthfulness in statements to others. 11.402 - Communication with person represented by a practitioner. 11.403 - Dealing with unrepresented person. 11.404 - Respect for rights of third persons. 11.405 - 11.500 - [Reserved] 11.501 - Responsibilities of partners, managers, and supervisory practitioners. 11.502 - Responsibilities of a subordinate practitioner. 11.503 - Responsibilities regarding non-practitioner assistance. 11.504 - Professional independence of a practitioner. 11.505 - Unauthorized practice of law. 11.506 - Restrictions on right to practice. 11.507 - Responsibilities regarding law-related services. 11.508 - 11.700 - [Reserved] 11.701 - Communications concerning a practitioner’s services. 11.702 - Advertising. 11.703 - Direct contact with prospective clients. 11.704 - Communication of fields of practice and specialization. 11.705 - Firm names and letterheads. 11.706 - 11.800 - [Reserved] 11.801 - Registration, recognition and disciplinary matters. 11.802 - Judicial and legal officials. 11.803 - Reporting professional misconduct. 11.804 - Misconduct. 11.805 - 11.900 - [Reserved] 11.901 - Savings clause. Index - RULES RELATING TO REPRESENTATION OF OTHERS BEFORE THE UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE 41.1 - Policy. 41.2 - Definitions. 41.3 - Petitions. 41.4 - Timeliness. 41.5 - Counsel. 41.6 - Public availability of Board records. 41.7 - Management of the record. 41.8 - Mandatory notices. 41.9 - Action by owner. 41.9 (pre‑AIA) - Action by owner. 41.10 - Correspondence addresses. 41.11 - Ex parte communications in inter partes proceedings. 41.12 - Citation of authority. 41.20 - Fees. 41.30 - Definitions. 41.31 - Appeal to Board. 41.33 - Amendments and affidavits or other Evidence after appeal. 41.35 - Jurisdiction over appeal. 41.37 - Appeal brief. 41.39 - Examiner’s answer. 41.40 - Tolling of time period to file a reply brief. 41.41 - Reply brief. 41.43 - [Removed] 41.45 - Appeal forwarding fee. 41.47 - Oral hearing. 41.50 - Decisions and other actions by the Board. 41.52 - Rehearing. 41.54 - Action following decision. 41.60 - Definitions. 41.61 - Notice of appeal and cross appeal to Board. 41.63 - Amendments and affidavits or other evidence after appeal. 41.64 - Jurisdiction over appeal in inter partes reexamination. 41.66 - Time for filing briefs. 41.67 - Appellant’s brief. 41.68 - Respondent’s brief. 41.69 - Examiner’s answer. 41.71 - Rebuttal brief. 41.73 - Oral hearing. 41.77 - Decisions and other actions by the Board. 41.79 - Rehearing. 41.81 - Action following decision. 41.100 - Definitions. 41.101 - Notice of proceeding. 41.102 - Completion of examination. 41.103 - Jurisdiction over involved files. 41.104 - Conduct of contested cases. 41.106 - Filing and service. 41.108 - Lead counsel. 41.109 - Access to and copies of Office records. 41.110 - Filing claim information. 41.120 - Notice of basis for relief. 41.121 - Motions. 41.122 - Oppositions and replies. 41.123 - Default filing times. 41.124 - Oral argument. 41.125 - Decision on motions. 41.126 - Arbitration. 41.127 - Judgment. 41.128 - Sanctions. 41.150 - Discovery. 41.151 - Admissibility. 41.152 - Applicability of the Federal Rules of Evidence. 41.153 - Records of the Office. 41.154 - Form of evidence. 41.155 - Objection; motion to exclude; motion in limine. 41.156 - Compelling testimony and production. 41.157 - Taking testimony. 41.158 - Expert testimony; tests and data. 41.200 - Procedure; pendency. 41.201 - Definitions. 41.202 - Suggesting an interference. 41.203 - Declaration. 41.204 - Notice of basis for relief. 41.205 - Settlement agreements. 41.206 - Common interests in the invention. 41.207 - Presumptions. 41.208 - Content of substantive and responsive motions. 42.1 - Policy. 42.2 - Definitions. 42.3 - Jurisdiction. 42.4 - Notice of trial. 42.5 - Conduct of the proceeding. 42.6 - Filing of documents, including exhibits; service. 42.7 - Management of the record. 42.8 - Mandatory notices. 42.9 - Action by patent owner. 42.10 - Counsel. 42.11 - Duty of candor; signing papers; representations to the Board; sanctions. 42.12 - Sanctions. 42.13 - Citation of authority. 42.14 - Public availability. 42.15 - Fees. 42.20 - Generally. 42.21 - Notice of basis for relief. 42.22 - Content of petitions and motions. 42.23 - Oppositions and replies. 42.24 - Type-volume or page-limits for petitions, motions, oppositions, and replies. 42.25 - Default filing times. 42.51 - Discovery. 42.52 - Compelling testimony and production. 42.53 - Taking testimony. 42.54 - Protective order. 42.55 - Confidential information in a petition. 42.56 - Expungement of confidential information. 42.57 - Privilege for patent practitioners. 42.61 - Admissibility. 42.62 - Applicability of the Federal rules of evidence. 42.63 - Form of evidence. 42.64 - Objection; motion to exclude. 42.65 - Expert testimony; tests and data. 42.70 - Oral argument. 42.71 - Decision on petitions or motions. 42.72 - Termination of trial. 42.73 - Judgment. 42.74 - Settlement. 42.80 - Certificate. 42.100 - Procedure; pendency. 42.101 - Who may petition for inter partes review. 42.102 - Time for filing. 42.103 - Inter partes review fee. 42.104 - Content of petition. 42.105 - Service of petition. 42.106 - Filing date. 42.107 - Preliminary response to petition. 42.108 - Institution of inter partes review. 42.120 - Patent owner response. 42.121 - Amendment of the patent. 42.122 - Multiple proceedings and Joinder. 42.123 - Filing of supplemental information. 42.200 - Procedure; pendency. 42.201 - Who may petition for a post-grant review. 42.202 - Time for filing. 42.203 - Post-grant review fee. 42.204 - Content of petition. 42.205 - Service of petition. 42.206 - Filing date. 42.207 - Preliminary response to petition. 42.208 - Institution of post-grant review. 42.220 - Patent owner response. 42.221 - Amendment of the patent. 42.222 - Multiple proceedings and Joinder. 42.223 - Filing of supplemental information. 42.224 - Discovery. 42.300 - Procedure; pendency. 42.301 - Definitions. 42.302 - Who may petition for a covered business method patent review. 42.303 - Time for filing. 42.304 - Content of petition. 42.400 - Procedure; pendency 42.401 - Definitions. 42.402 - Who may file a petition for a derivation proceeding. 42.403 - Time for filing. 42.404 - Derivation fee. 42.405 - Content of petition. 42.406 - Service of petition. 42.407 - Filing date. 42.408 - Institution of derivation proceeding. 42.409 - Settlement agreements. 42.410 - Arbitration. 42.411 - Common interests in the invention. 42.412 - Public availability of Board records. 90.1 - Scope. 90.2 - Notice; service. 90.3 - Time for appeal or civil action. 102.1 - General. 102.2 - Public reference facilities. 102.3 - Records under FOIA. 102.4 - Requirements for making requests. 102.5 - Responsibility for responding to requests. 102.6 - Time limits and expedited processing. 102.7 - Responses to requests. 102.9 - Business Information. 102.10 - Appeals from initial determinations or untimely delays. 102.11 - Fees. 102.21 - Purpose and scope. 102.22 - Definitions. 102.23 - Procedures for making inquiries. 102.24 - Procedures for making requests for records. 102.25 - Disclosure of requested records to individuals. 102.26 - Special procedures: Medical records. 102.27 - Procedures for making requests for correction or amendment. 102.28 - Review of requests for correction or amendment. 102.29 - Appeal of initial adverse determination on correction or amendment. 102.30 - Disclosure of record to person other than the individual to whom it pertains. 102.31 - Fees. 102.32 - Penalties. 102.33 - General exemptions. 102.34 - Specific exemptions. 104.1 - Definitions. 104.2 - Address for mail and service; telephone number. 104.3 - Waiver of rules. 104.4 - Relationship of this Part to the Federal Rules of Civil or Criminal Procedure. 104.11 - Scope and purpose. 104.12 - Acceptance of service of process. 104.21 - Scope and purpose. 104.22 - Demand for testimony or production of documents. 104.23 - Expert or opinion testimony. 104.24 - Demands or requests in legal proceedings for records protected by confidentiality statutes. 104.31 - Scope. 104.32 - Procedure for requesting indemnification. 104.41 - Procedure for filing claims. 104.42 - Finality of settlement or denial of claims. 150.1 - Definitions. 150.2 - Initiation of evaluation. 150.3 - Submission of requests. 150.4 - Evaluation. 150.5 - Duration of proclamation. 150.6 - Mailing address. T - Patent Cooperation Treaty and Regulations Under the PCT Article 1 - Establishment of a Union Article 2 - Definitions Article 3 - The International Application Article 4 - The Request Article 5 - The Description Article 6 - The Claims Article 7 - The Drawings Article 8 - Claiming Priority Article 9 - The Applicant Article 10 - The Receiving Office Article 11 - Filing Date and Effects of the International Application Article 12 - Transmittal of the International Application to the International Bureau and the International Searching Authority Article 13 - Availability of Copy of the International Application to Designated Offices Article 14 - Certain Defects in the International Application Article 15 - The International Search Article 16 - The International Searching Authority Article 17 - Procedure Before the International Searching Authority Article 18 - The International Search Report Article 19 - Amendment of the Claims Before the International Bureau Article 20 - Communication to Designated Offices Article 21 - International Publication Article 22 - Copy, Translation, and Fee, to Designated Offices Article 23 - Delaying of National Procedure Article 24 - Possible Loss of Effect in Designated States Article 25 - Review by Designated Offices Article 26 - Opportunity to Correct Before Designated Offices Article 27 - National Requirements Article 28 - Amendment of the Claims, the Description, and the Drawings, Before Designated Offices Article 29 - Effects of the International Publication Article 30 - Confidential Nature of the International Application Article 31 - Demand for International Preliminary Examination Article 32 - The International Preliminary Examining Authority Article 33 - The International Preliminary Examination Article 34 - Procedure Before the International Preliminary Examining Authority Article 35 - The International Preliminary Examination Report Article 36 - Transmittal, Translation, and Communication, of the International Preliminary Examination Report Article 37 - Withdrawal of Demand or Election Article 38 - Confidential Nature of the International Preliminary Examination Article 39 - Copy, Translation, and Fee, to Elected Offices Article 40 - Delaying of National Examination and Other Processing Article 41 - Amendment of the Claims, the Description, and the Drawings, before Elected Offices Article 42 - Results of National Examination in Elected Offices Article 43 - Seeking Certain Kinds of Protection Article 44 - Seeking Two Kinds of Protection Article 45 - Regional Patent Treaties Article 46 - Incorrect Translation of the International Application Article 47 - Time Limits Article 48 - Delay in Meeting Certain Time Limits Article 49 - Right to Practice Before International Authorities Article 50 - Patent Information Service Article 51 - Technical Assistance Article 52 - Relations with Other Provisions of the Treaty Article 53 - Assembly Article 54 - Executive Committee Article 55 - International Bureau Article 56 - Committee for Technical Cooperation Article 57 - Finances Article 58 - Regulations Article 59 - Disputes Article 60 - Revision of the Treaty Article 61 - Amendment of Certain Provisions of the Treaty Article 62 - Becoming Party to the Treaty Article 63 - Entry into Force of the Treaty Article 64 - Reservations Article 65 - Gradual Application Article 66 - Denunciation Article 67 - Signature and Languages Article 68 - Depositary Functions Article 69 - Notifications Rule 1 - Abbreviated Expressions Rule 2 - Interpretation of Certain Words Rule 3 - The Request (Form) Rule 4 - The Request (Contents) Rule 5 - The Description Rule 6 - The Claims Rule 7 - The Drawings Rule 8 - The Abstract Rule 9 - Expressions, Etc., Not to Be Used Rule 10 - Terminology and Signs Rule 11 - Physical Requirements of the International Application Rule 12 - Language of the International Application and Translations for the Purposes of International Search and International Publication Rule 12bis - Submission by the Applicant of Documents Relating to Earlier Search Rule 13 - Unity of Invention Rule 13bis - Inventions Relating to Biological Material Rule 13ter - Nucleotide and/or Amino Acid Sequence Listings Rule 14 - The Transmittal Fee Rule 15 - The International Filing Fee Rule 16 - The Search Fee Rule 16bis - Extension of Time Limits for Payment of Fees Rule 17 - The Priority Document Rule 18 - The Applicant Rule 19 - The Competent Receiving Office Rule 20 - International Filing Date Rule 21 - Preparation of Copies Rule 22 - Transmittal of the Record Copy and Translation Rule 23 - Transmittal of the Search Copy, Translation and Sequence Listing Rule 24 - Receipt of the Record Copy by the International Bureau Rule 25 - Receipt of the Search Copy by the International Searching Authority Rule 26 - Checking by, and Correcting before, the Receiving Office of Certain Elements of the International Application Rule 26bis - Correction or Addition of Priority Claim Rule 26ter - Correction or Addition of Declarations under Rule 4.17 Rule 27 - Lack of Payment of Fees Rule 28 - Defects Noted by the International Bureau Rule 29 - International Applications Considered Withdrawn Rule 30 - Time Limit under Article 14(4) Rule 31 - Copies Required under Article 13 Rule 32 - Extension of Effects of International Application to Certain Successor States Rule 33 - Relevant Prior Art for the International Search Rule 34 - Minimum Documentation Rule 35 - The Competent International Searching Authority Rule 36 - Minimum Requirements for International Searching Authorities Rule 37 - Missing or Defective Title Rule 38 - Missing or Defective Abstract Rule 39 - Subject Matter under Article 17(2)(a)(i) Rule 40 - Lack of Unity of Invention (International Search) Rule 41 - Taking into Account Results of Earlier Search and Classification Rule 42 - Time Limit for International Search Rule 43 - The International Search Report Rule 43bis - Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Rule 44 - Transmittal of the International Search Report, Written Opinion, Etc. Rule 44bis - International Preliminary Report on Patentability by the International Searching Authority Rule 45 - Translation of the International Search Report Rule 45bis - Supplementary International Searches Rule 46 - Amendment of Claims before the International Bureau Rule 47 - Communication to Designated Offices Rule 48 - International Publication Rule 49 - Copy, Translation and Fee under Article 22 Rule 49bis - Indications as to Protection Sought for Purposes of National Processing Rule 49ter - Effect of Restoration of Right of Priority by Receiving Office; Restoration of Right of Priority by Designated Office Rule 50 - Faculty under Article 22(3) Rule 51 - Review by Designated Offices Rule 51bis - Certain National Requirements Allowed under Article 27 Rule 52 - Amendment of the Claims, the Description, and the Drawings, before Designated Offices Rule 53 - The Demand Rule 54 - The Applicant Entitled to Make a Demand Rule 54bis - Time Limit for Making a Demand Rule 55 - Languages (International Preliminary Examination) Rule 56 - [Deleted] Rule 57 - The Handling Fee Rule 58 - The Preliminary Examination Fee Rule 58bis - Extension of Time Limits for Payment of Fees Rule 59 - The Competent International Preliminary Examining Authority Rule 60 - Certain Defects in the Demand Rule 61 - Notification of the Demand and Elections Rule 62 - Copy of the Written Opinion by the International Searching Authority and of Amendments under Article 19 for the International Preliminary Examining Authority Rule 62bis - Translation for the International Preliminary Examining Authority of the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Rule 63 - Minimum Requirements for International Preliminary Examining Authorities Rule 64 - Prior Art for International Preliminary Examination Rule 65 - Inventive Step or Non-Obviousness Rule 66 - Procedure before the International Preliminary Examining Authority Rule 67 - Subject Matter under Article 34(4)(a)(i) Rule 68 - Lack of Unity of Invention (International Preliminary Examination) Rule 69 - Start of and Time Limit for International Preliminary Examination Rule 70 - International Preliminary Report on Patentability by the International Preliminary Examining Authority (International Preliminary Examination Report) Rule 71 - Transmittal of the International Preliminary Examination Report Rule 72 - Translation of the International Preliminary Examination Report and of the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Rule 73 - Communication of the International Preliminary Examination Report or the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Rule 74 - Translations of Annexes of the International Preliminary Examination Report and Transmittal Thereof Rule 75 - [Deleted] Rule 76 - Translation of Priority Document; Application of Certain Rules to Procedures before Elected Offices Rule 77 - Faculty under Article 39(1)(b) Rule 78 - Amendment of the Claims, the Description, and the Drawings, before Elected Offices Rule 79 - Calendar Rule 80 - Computation of Time Limits Rule 81 - Modification of Time Limits Fixed in the Treaty Rule 82 - Irregularities in the Mail Service Rule 82bis - Excuse by the Designated or Elected State of Delays in Meeting Certain Time Limits Rule 82ter - Rectification of Errors Made by the Receiving Office or by the International Bureau Rule 82quater - Excuse of Delay in Meeting Time Limits Rule 83 - Right to Practice before International Authorities Rule 84 - Expenses of Delegations Rule 85 - Absence of Quorum in the Assembly Rule 86 - The Gazette Rule 87 - Communication of Publications Rule 88 - Amendment of the Regulations Rule 89 - Administrative Instructions Rule 89bis - Filing, Processing and Communication of International Applications and Other Documents in Electronic Form or by Electronic Means Rule 89ter - Copies in Electronic Form of Documents Filed on Paper Rule 90 - Agents and Common Representatives Rule 90bis - Withdrawals Rule 91 - Rectification of Obvious Mistakes in the International Application and Other Documents Rule 92 - Correspondence Rule 92bis - Recording of Changes in Certain Indications in the Request or the Demand Rule 93 - Keeping of Records and Files Rule 93bis - Manner of Communication of Documents Rule 94 - Access to Files Rule 95 - Information and Translations from Designated and Elected Offices Rule 96 - The Schedule of Fees Index - PCT INDEX AI - Administrative Instructions Under the PCT Section 101 - Abbreviated Expressions and Interpretation Section 102 - Use of the Forms Section 102bis - [Deleted] Section 103 - Languages of the Forms Used by International Authorities Section 104 - Language of Correspondence Section 105 - Identification of International Application with Two or More Applicants Section 106 - Change of Common Representative Section 107 - Identification of International Authorities and of Designated and Elected Offices Section 108 - Correspondence Intended for the Applicant Section 109 - File Reference Section 110 - Dates Section 111 - Procedure and Considerations in the Case of Excuse of the Delay in Meeting Certain Time Limits under Rule 82quater Section 112 - Ceasing of Effect under Articles 24(1)(iii) and 39(2), Review under Article 25(2) and Maintaining of Effect under Articles 24(2) and 39(3) Section 113 - Special Fees Payable to the International Bureau Section 114 - [Deleted] Section 115 - Indications of States, Territories and Intergovernmental Organizations Section 201 - Language of the International Application Section 202 - [Deleted] Section 203 - Different Applicants for Different Designated States Section 204 - Headings of the Parts of the Description Section 204bis - Numbering of Claims Section 205 - Numbering and Identification of Claims upon Amendment Section 206 - Unity of Invention Section 207 - Arrangement of Elements and Numbering of Sheets of the International Application Section 208 - Sequence Listings Section 209 - Indications as to Deposited Biological Material on a Separate Sheet Section 210 - [Deleted] Section 211 - Declaration as to the Identity of the Inventor Section 212 - Declaration as to the Applicant’s Entitlement to Apply for and Be Granted a Patent Section 213 - Declaration as to the Applicant’s Entitlement to Claim Priority of Earlier Application Section 214 - Declaration of Inventorship Section 215 - Declaration as to Non-Prejudicial Disclosures or Exceptions to Lack of Novelty Section 216 - Notice of Correction or Addition of a Declaration under Rule 26ter Section 217 - Corrections Concerning Expressions, Etc., Not to Be Used in the International Application under Rule 9.2 Section 218 - Processing of a Request for Omission of Information Referred to in Rules 48.2(l) and 94.1(e) Section 301 - Notification of Receipt of Purported International Application Section 302 - Priority Claim Considered Not to Have Been Made Section 303 - Deletion of Additional Matter in the Request Section 304 - Invitation to Pay Fees before Date on Which They Are Due Section 305 - Identifying the Copies of the International Application Section 305bis - Preparation, Identification and Transmittal of the Copies of the Translation of the International Application Section 305ter - Identification and Transmittal of the Translation of an Earlier Application Furnished under Rule 20.6(a)(iii) Section 306 - Delayed Transmittal of Search Copy Section 307 - System of Numbering International Applications Section 308 - Marking of the Sheets of the International Application and of the Translation Thereof Section 308bis - Marking of Later Submitted Sheets Section 309 - Procedure in the Case of Later Submitted Sheets Furnished for the Purposes of Incorporation by Reference Section 310 - Procedure in the Case of Later Submitted Sheets Not Furnished for the Purposes of Incorporation by Reference Section 310bis - Procedure in the Case of Later Submitted Sheets Resulting in the Correction of the International Filing Date under Rule 20.5(c) Section 310ter - Procedure in the Case of Later Submitted Sheets Furnished after the Expiration of the Applicable Time Limit Referred to in Rule 20.7 Section 311 - Renumbering in the Case of Deletion, Substitution or Addition of Sheets of the International Application and of the Translation Thereof Section 312 - Notification of Decision Not to Issue Declaration that the International Application Is Considered Withdrawn Section 313 - Documents Filed with the International Application; Manner of Marking the Necessary Annotations in the Check List Section 314 - Correction or Addition of a Priority Claim Under Rule 26bis Section 315 - Processing of Documents by the Receiving Office under Rule 26bis.3(h-bis) Section 316 - Procedure in the Case Where the International Application Lacks the Prescribed Signature Section 317 - Transmittal of a Notice of Correction or Addition of a Declaration under Rule 26ter.1 Section 318 - Cancellation of Designations of Non-Contracting States Section 319 - Procedure under Rule 4.9(b) Section 320 - Invitation to Pay Fees under Rule 16bis.1(a) Section 321 - Application of Moneys Received by the Receiving Office in Certain Cases Section 322 - Invitation to Submit a Request for Refund of the Search Fee Section 323 - Transmittal of Priority Documents to International Bureau Section 324 - Copy of Notification of the International Application Number and the International Filing Date under Rule 20.2(c) Section 325 - Corrections of Defects under Rule 26.4 and Rectifications of Obvious Mistakes under Rule 91 Section 326 - Withdrawal by Applicant under Rule 90bis.1, 90bis.2 or 90bis.3 Section 327 - Ex Officio Correction of Request by the Receiving Office Section 328 - Notifications Concerning Representation Section 329 - Correction of Indications Concerning the Applicant’s Residence or Nationality Section 330 - Transmittal of Record Copy Prevented or Delayed by National Security Prescriptions Section 331 - Receipt of Confirmation Copy Section 332 - Notification of Languages Accepted by the Receiving Office under Rules 12.1(a) and (c) and 12.4(a) Section 333 - Transmittal of International Application to the International Bureau as Receiving Office Section 334 - Notification to Applicant of Submission of Demand after the Expiration of 19 Months from the Priority Date Section 335 - [Deleted] Section 336 - Waivers under Rules 90.4(d) and 90.5(c) Section 337 - [Deleted] Section 401 - Marking of the Sheets of the Record Copy Section 402 - Correction or Addition of a Priority Claim under Rule 26bis Section 403 - Transmittal of Protest against Payment of Additional Fees and Decision Thereon Where International Application Is Considered to Lack Unity of Invention Section 404 - International Publication Number of International Application Section 405 - Publication of Notifications of Languages Accepted by the Receiving Office under Rules 12.1(a) and (c) and 12.4(a) Section 406 - Publication of International Applications Section 406bis - Suggested English Translation of the Title of the Invention Section 407 - The Gazette Section 408 - Priority Application Number Section 409 - Priority Claim Considered Not to Have Been Made Section 410 - Numbering of Sheets for the Purposes of International Publication; Procedure in Case of Missing Sheets Section 411 - Receipt of Priority Document Section 411bis - Receipt of Translation of Earlier Application under Rule 20.6(a)(iii) Section 412 - Notification of Lack of Transmittal of Search Copy Section 413 - Incorporations by Reference under Rule 20, Corrections of Defects under Rule 26.4 and Rectifications of Obvious Mistakes under Rule 91 Section 413bis - Rectifications of Obvious Mistakes under Rule 91 Section 414 - Notification to the International Preliminary Examining Authority Where the International Application is Considered Withdrawn Section 415 - Notification of Withdrawal under Rule 90bis.1, 90bis.2, 90bis.3, 90bis.3bis or 90bis.4 Section 416 - Correction of Request in Record Copy Section 417 - Processing of Amendments under Article 19 Section 418 - Notifications to Elected Offices Where the Demand Is Considered Not to Have Been Submitted or Made Section 419 - Processing of a Declaration under Rule 26ter Section 420 - Copy of International Application, International Search Report and Supplementary International Search Report for the International Preliminary Examining Authority Section 421 - Invitation to Furnish a Copy of the Priority Document Section 422 - Notifications Concerning Changes Recorded under Rule 92bis.1 Section 422bis - Objections Concerning Changes in the Person of the Applicant Recorded under Rule 92bis.1(a) Section 423 - Cancellation of Designations and Elections Section 424 - Procedure under Rule 4.9(b) Section 425 - Notifications Concerning Representation Section 426‑429 - [Deleted] Section 430 - Notification of Designations under Rule 32 Section 431 - Publication of Notice of Submission of Demand Section 432 - Notification to Applicant of Submission of Demand after the Expiration of 19 Months from the Priority Date Section 433 - Waivers under Rule 90.4(d) Section 434 - Publication of Information Concerning Waivers under Rules 90.4(d) and 90.5(c) Section 435 - Communication of Publications and Documents Section 436 - Preparation, Identification and Transmittal of the Copies of the Translation of the International Application Section 501 - [Deleted] Section 502 - Transmittal of Protest against Payment of Additional Fees and Decision Thereon Where International Application Is Considered to Lack Unity of Invention Section 503 - Method of Identifying Documents Cited in the International Search Report and the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Section 504 - Classification of the Subject Matter of the International Application Section 505 - Indication of Citations of Particular Relevance in the International Search Report Section 506 - [Deleted] Section 507 - Manner of Indicating Certain Special Categories of Documents Cited in the International Search Report Section 508 - Manner of Indicating the Claims to Which the Documents Cited in the International Search Report Are Relevant Section 509 - International Search and Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority on the Basis of a Translation of the International Application Section 510 - Refund of Search Fee in Case of Withdrawal of International Application Section 511 - Rectifications of Obvious Mistakes under Rule 91 Section 512 - Notifications Concerning Representation Section 513 - Sequence Listings Section 514 - Authorized Officer Section 515 - Modification of Abstract in Response to Applicant’s Comments Section 516 - Notification to Applicant of Submission of Demand after the Expiration of 19 Months from the Priority Date Section 517 - Waivers under Rules 90.4(d) and 90.5(c) Section 518 - Guidelines for Explanations Contained in the Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority Section 519 - Notification of Receipt of Copy of International Application for the Purposes of Supplementary International Search Section 520 - Withdrawal by Applicant under Rule 90bis.3bis Section 601 - Notification to Applicant of Submission of Demand after the Expiration of 19 Months from the Priority Date Section 602 - Processing of Amendments by the International Preliminary Examining Authority Section 603 - Transmittal of Protest against Payment of Additional Fees and Decision Thereon Where International Application Is Considered to Lack Unity of Invention Section 604 - Guidelines for Explanations Contained in the International Preliminary Examination Report Section 605 - File to Be Used for International Preliminary Examination Section 606 - Cancellation of Elections Section 607 - Rectifications of Obvious Mistakes under Rule 91 Section 608 - Notifications Concerning Representation Section 609 - Withdrawal by Applicant under Rules 90bis. 1, 90bis. 2 or 90bis. 3 Section 610 - Sequence Listings Section 611 - Method of Identification of Documents in the International Preliminary Examination Report Section 612 - Authorized Officer Section 613 - Invitation to Submit a Request for Refund of Fees under Rule 57.4 or 58.3 Section 614 - Evidence of Right to File Demand Section 615 - Invitation to Pay Fees before Date on Which They Are Due Section 616 - International Preliminary Examination on the Basis of a Translation of the International Application Section 617 - Waivers under Rules 90.4(d) and 90.5(c) Section 701 - Abbreviated Expressions Section 702 - Filing, Processing and Communication in Electronic Form of International Applications Section 703 - Filing Requirements; Basic Common Standard Section 704 - Receipt; International Filing Date; Signature; Physical Requirements Section 705 - Home Copy, Record Copy and Search Copy Where International Application Is Filed in Electronic Form Section 705bis - Processing in Electronic Form of International Applications Filed on Paper; Home Copy, Record Copy and Search Copy Section 706 - Documents in Pre-Conversion Format Section 707 - Calculation of International Filing Fee and Fee Reduction Section 708 - Special Provisions Concerning Legibility, Completeness, Infection by Viruses, Etc. Section 709 - Means of Communication with the Receiving Office Section 710 - Notification and Publication of Receiving Offices’ Requirements and Practices Section 711 - Electronic Records Management Section 712 - Access to Electronic Records Section 713 - Application of Provisions to International Authorities and the International Bureau, and to Notifications, Communications, Correspondence and Other Documents Section 714 - Furnishing by the International Bureau of Copies of Documents Kept in Electronic Form; Designated Offices’ Signature Requirements Section 715 - Availability of Priority Documents from Digital Libraries Section 716 - Request that Priority Document Be Obtained from a Digital Library under Rule 17.1(b-bis) Section 801 - Third Party Observation System Section 802 - Filing of a Third Party Observation Section 803 - Availability of an Observation and Related Information Section 804 - Notification of Receipt of an Observation to the Applicant and Comments by the Applicant in Response to an Observation Section 805 - Communication of Observations and Comments to International Authorities and Designated Offices Annex A - FORMS Annex B - UNITY OF INVENTION Annex C - STANDARD FOR THE PRESENTATION OF NUCLEOTIDE AND AMINO ACID SEQUENCE LISTINGS IN INTERNATIONAL PATENT APPLICATIONS UNDER THE PCT Annex D - INFORMATION FROM FRONT PAGE OF PUBLISHED INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION TO BE INCLUDED IN THE GAZETTE UNDER RULE 86.1(i) Annex E - INFORMATION TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE GAZETTE UNDER RULE 86.1(v) Annex F - STANDARD FOR THE ELECTRONIC FILING AND PROCESSING OF INTERNATIONAL APPLICATIONS P - Paris Convention Article 1 - [Establishment of the Union; Scope of Industrial Property] Article 2 - [National Treatment for Nationals of Countries of the Union] Article 3 - [Same Treatment for Certain Categories of Persons as for Nationals of Countries of the Union] Article 4 - [A. to I. Patents, Utility Models, Industrial Designs, Marks, Inventors Certificates; Right of Priority. — G. Patents: Division of the Application] Article 4bis - [Patents: Independence of Patents Obtained for the Same Invention in Different Countries] Article 4ter - [Patents: Mention of the Inventor in the Patent] Article 4quater - [Patents: Patentability in Case of Restrictions of Sale by Law] Article 5 - [A. Patents: Importation of Articles; Failure to Work or Insufficient Working; Compulsory Licenses. — B. Industrial Designs: Failure to Work; Importation of Articles. — C. Marks: Failure to Use; Different Forms; Use by Co-proprietors. — D. Patents, Utility Models, Marks, Industrial Designs: Marking] Article 5bis - [All Industrial Property Rights: Period of Grace for the Payment of Fees for the Maintenance of Rights; Patents: Restoration] Article 5ter - [Patents: Patented Devices Forming Part of Vessels, Aircraft, or Land Vehicles] Article 5quater - [Patents: Importation of Products Manufactured by a Process Patented in the Importing Country] Article 5quinquies - [Industrial Designs] Article 6 - [Marks: Conditions of Registration; Independence of Protection of Same Mark in Different Countries] Article 6bis - [Marks: Well Known Marks] Article 6ter - [Marks: Prohibitions concerning State Emblems, Official Hallmarks, and Emblems of Intergovernmental Organizations] Article 6quater - [Marks: Assignment of Marks] Article 6quinquies - [Marks: Protection of Marks Registered in One Country of the Union in the Other Countries of the Union] Article 6sexies - [Marks: Service Marks] Article 6septies - [Marks: Registration in the Name of the Agent or Representative of the Proprietor Without the Latter's Authorization] Article 7 - [Marks: Nature of the Goods to which the Mark is Applied] Article 7bis - [Marks: Collective Marks] Article 8 - [Trade Names] Article 9 - [Marks, Trade Names: Seizure, on Importation, etc., of Goods Unlawfully Bearing a Mark or Trade Name] Article 10 - [False Indications: Seizure, on Importation, etc., of Goods Bearing False Indications as to their Source or the Identity of the Producer] Article 10bis - [Unfair Competition] Article 10ter - [Marks, Trade Names, False Indications, Unfair Competition: Remedies, Right to Sue] Article 11 - [Inventions, Utility Models, Industrial Designs, Marks: Temporary Protection at Certain International Exhibitions] Article 12 - [Special National Industrial Property Services] Article 13 - [Assembly of the Union] Article 14 - [Executive Committee] Article 15 - [International Bureau] Article 16 - [Finances] Article 17 - [Amendment of Articles 13 to 17] Article 18 - [Revision of Articles 1 to 12 and 18 to 30] Article 19 - [Special Agreements] Article 20 - [Ratification or Accession by Countries of the Union; Entry Into Force] Article 21 - [Accession by Countries Outside the Union; Entry Into Force] Article 22 - [Consequences of Ratification or Accession] Article 23 - [Accession to Earlier Acts] Article 24 - [Territories] Article 25 - [Implementation of the Convention on the Domestic Level] Article 26 - [Denunciation] Article 27 - [Application of Earlier Acts] Article 28 - [Disputes] Article 29 - [Signature, Languages, Depositary Functions] Article 30 - [Transitional Provisions] MPEP - Subject Matter Index A - Subject Matter Index B - Subject Matter Index C - Subject Matter Index D - Subject Matter Index E - Subject Matter Index F - Subject Matter Index G - Subject Matter Index H - Subject Matter Index I - Subject Matter Index J - Subject Matter Index K - Subject Matter Index L - Subject Matter Index M - Subject Matter Index N - Subject Matter Index O - Subject Matter Index P - Subject Matter Index Q - Subject Matter Index R - Subject Matter Index S - Subject Matter Index T - Subject Matter Index U - Subject Matter Index V - Subject Matter Index W - Subject Matter Index X - Subject Matter Index Y - Subject Matter Index Z - Subject Matter Index Form-Paragraph - Book Form-Paragraph-Chapter-200 - Form Paragraphs 2.01 - 2.40 fp2.01 - Possible Status as Divisional fp2.03 - Affidavits or Declarations in Prior Application fp2.05 - Possible Status as Continuation fp2.06 - Possible Status as Continuation-in-Part fp2.07 - Definition of a Substitute fp2.09 - Heading for Conditions for Benefit Claims Under 35 U.S.C. 119(e), 120, 121, 365(c), or 386(c) fp2.10 - Disclosure of Prior-Filed Application Does Not Provide Support for Claimed Subject Matter fp2.10.01 - Continuation or Divisional Application Contains New Matter Relative to the Prior-Filed Application fp2.11 - Application Must Be Copending With Parent fp2.11.01 - Application Must Be Filed Within 12 Months From the Provisional Application Unless Petition Granted fp2.13 - [Reserved] fp2.13.01 - [Reserved] fp2.13.02 - [Reserved] fp2.13a - [Reserved] fp2.13b - [Reserved] fp2.13c - [Reserved] fp2.13d - [Reserved] fp2.13e - [Reserved] fp2.13f - [Reserved] fp2.13g - [Reserved] fp2.13h - [Reserved] fp2.14 - [Reserved] fp2.14.01 - [Reserved] fp2.15 - Reference to Prior Application, 35 U.S.C. 119(e), 120, 121, 365(c), or 386(c) Benefit fp2.18 - Right of Priority Under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) and (f) fp2.19 - Overcome Rejection by Translation fp2.20 - Certified Copies of Priority Papers in Parent or Related (Reissue Situation) - Application fp2.21.01 - 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d) or (f), 365(a) or (b), or 386(a) Foreign Priority Claim is Untimely fp2.22 - Certified Copy Filed, But Proper Claim Not Made fp2.23 - Foreign Filing More Than 12 Months Earlier, No Petition to Restore Priority Granted fp2.25 - Claimed Foreign Priority, No Papers Certified Copy Filed fp2.26 - Claimed Foreign Priority - Certified Copy Filed fp2.27 - Acknowledge Certified Copy of Foreign Priority Paper in Parent fp2.30 - CPA Status Acceptable (for Design Applications) fp2.31 - CPA Status Not Acceptable - Request Not on Separate Paper (for Design Applications) fp2.32 - Request To Delete a Named Inventor in CPA (for Design Applications) fp2.33 - New Inventor Identified in CPA (for Design Applications) fp2.34 - Reference in CPA to Prior Application (by Amendment to the Specification; for Design Applications) fp2.35 - CPA Status Acceptable - Conditional Request (for Design Applications) fp2.38 - Claiming Benefit to a Non-English Language Provisional Application fp2.39 - 35 U.S.C. 119(e), 120, 121, or 365(c), or 386(c) Benefit Claim is Untimely fp2.40 - Prior-Filed Application Not Entitled to a Filing Date or Basic Filing Fee Was Not Paid Form-Paragraph-Chapter-400 - Form Paragraphs 4.01 - 4.10 fp4.01 - Double Correspondence fp4.03 - Death of Patent Practitioner fp4.07 - Attorney/Agent Suspended (Sole Practitioner) fp4.08 - Attorney/Agent Suspended (Plural Practitioners) fp4.09 - Unregistered Attorney or Agent fp4.10 - Employ Services of Attorney or Agent Form-Paragraph-Chapter-500 - Form Paragraphs 5.01 - 5.05 fp5.01 - Proper Heading for Incoming Papers fp5.01.01 - Separate Paper Required fp5.02 - Format of Certificate of Mailing or Transmission fp5.04 - Benefit of Certificate of Mailing Denied fp5.05 - Small Entity Status Form-Paragraph-Chapter-600 - Form Paragraphs 6.01 - 6.72.05 fp6.01 - Arrangement of the Sections of the Specification in a Utility Application fp6.02 - Content of Specification fp6.11 - Title of Invention Is Not Descriptive fp6.11.01 - Title of Invention, Suggested Change fp6.12 - Abstract Missing (Background) fp6.13 - Abstract Objected To fp6.14 - Abstract of the Disclosure: Content fp6.15 - Abstract of the Disclosure: Chemical Cases fp6.16 - Abstract of the Disclosure: Language fp6.16.01 - Abstract of the Disclosure: Placement fp6.17 - Numbering of Claims, 37 CFR 1.126 fp6.18 - Series of Singular Dependent Claims fp6.18.01 - Claims: Placement fp6.19 - Incorporation by Reference, Unpublished U.S. Application, Foreign Patent or Application, Publication fp6.19.01 - Ineffective Incorporation by Reference, General fp6.19.02 - Amendment Not in Compliance with 37 CFR 1.57(b) fp6.19.03 - Correction of Ineffective Incorporation by Reference fp6.20 - Trade Names, Trademarks, and Other Marks Used in Commerce fp6.21 - New Drawings, Competent Draftsperson fp6.22 - Drawings Objected To fp6.22.01 - Drawings Objected To, Details Not Shown fp6.22.02 - Drawings Objected to, Different Numbers Refer to Same Part fp6.22.03 - Drawings Objected to, Different Parts Referred to by Same Number fp6.22.04 - Drawings Objected to, Incomplete fp6.22.05 - Drawings Objected to, Modifications in Same Figure fp6.22.06 - Drawings Objected to, Reference Numbers Not in Drawings fp6.22.07 - Drawings Objected to, Reference Numbers Not in Specification fp6.23 - Subject Matter Admits of Illustration fp6.23.01 - Subject Matter Admits of Illustration (No Examination of Claims) fp6.24.01 - Color Photographs and Color Drawings, Petition Required fp6.26 - Drawings Do Not Permit Examination fp6.27 - Requirement for Marked-up Copy of Drawing Corrections fp6.28 - Idiomatic English fp6.28.01 - Substitute Specification Required by Examiner fp6.28.02 - Substitute Specification Filed Under 37 CFR 1.125(b) and (c) Not Entered. fp6.29 - Specification, Spacing of Lines fp6.30 - Numerous Errors in Specification fp6.31 - Lengthy Specification fp6.32.01 - Application Papers Must Be Legible fp6.36 - Drawings Do Not Show Claimed Subject Matter fp6.36.01 - Illustration of “Prior Art” fp6.37 - Acknowledgment of Replacement Drawing Sheets fp6.39 - USPTO Does Not Make Drawing Changes fp6.40 - Information on How To Effect Drawing Changes fp6.41 - Reminder That USPTO Does Not Make Drawing Changes fp6.42 - Reminder That Applicant Must Make Drawing Changes fp6.43 - Drawings Contain Informalities, Application Allowed fp6.47 - Examiner’s Amendment Involving Drawing Changes fp6.48 - Model, Exhibit, or Specimen - Applicant Must Make Arrangements for Return fp6.49 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered fp6.49.01 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, After First Action, But Before the Prosecution of the Application Closes, No Statement fp6.49.02 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, After First Action, But Before the Prosecution of the Application Closes, No Fee fp6.49.03 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, After the Prosecution of the Application Closes, Issue Fee Not Paid, No Statement fp6.49.05 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, After the Prosecution of the Application Closes, Issue Fee Not Paid, No Fee fp6.49.06 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, References Listed in Specification fp6.49.07 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, No Copy of References fp6.49.08 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, Non-Compliant List of References fp6.49.09 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, No Explanation of Relevance of Non-English Language Information fp6.49.10 - Information Disclosure Statement Not Considered, Non-acceptable Electronic Medium fp6.51 - Time for Completing Information Disclosure Statement fp6.52 - Information Disclosure Statement Filed After Prosecution Has Been Closed fp6.53 - References Considered in 35 U.S.C. 371 Application Based Upon Search Report - Prior to Allowance fp6.54 - References Considered in 35 U.S.C. 371 Application Based Upon Search Report - Ready for Allowance fp6.55 - References Not Considered in 35 U.S.C. 371 Application Based Upon Search Report fp6.60.01 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (No Statement that CDs are Identical) fp6.60.02 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (No Listing in Transmittal Letter) fp6.61.01 - Specification Lacking List of Compact Disc(s) and /or Associated Files fp6.61.02 - Specification Lacking An Incorporation By Reference Statement for Compact Disc or Text File Submitted Via EFS-Web fp6.62 - Data File on CD-ROM/CD-R Not in ASCII File Format fp6.63.01 - Table Less Than 51 Pages Submitted Only as Text File fp6.63.02 - Table Column/Row Relationship Not Maintained fp6.64.01 - Computer Program Listing Appendix of More Than 300 Lines in Specification fp6.64.02 - Computer Program Listing as Printout Within the Specification (More Than 60 Lines And Not More Than Three Hundred Lines) fp6.64.04 - “Microfiche Appendix” Unacceptable fp6.70.01 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (Amendment Does Not Include Statement that CDs are Identical) fp6.70.02 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (No Listing in Transmittal Letter Submitted With Amendment) fp6.71.01 - Specification Lacking List of Compact Disc(s) and/or Associated Files (Amendment Filed With Compact Disc(s)) fp6.71.02 - Specification Lacking Incorporation By Reference Statement for Amended or Added Compact Disc or Text File fp6.72.01 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (CDs Not Identical) fp6.72.02 - Data File, Submitted With Amendment, on CD-ROM/CD-R Not in ASCII File Format fp6.72.03 - CD-ROM/CD-R Are Not Readable fp6.72.04 - CD-ROM/CD-R Contains Viruses fp6.72.05 - CD-ROM/CD-R Requirements (Missing Files On Amended Compact Disc) Form-Paragraph-Chapter-700 - Form Paragraphs 7.01 - 7.214 fp7.01 - Use of Unconventional Terminology, Cannot Be Examined fp7.02 - Disclosure Is Incomprehensible fp7.03.aia - Application Examined Under AIA First Inventor to File Provisions fp7.03.fti - Application Examined Under First to Invent provisions fp7.04.01 - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 101 fp7.04.02.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101/115 fp7.04.03 - Human Organism fp7.04.101.aia - Statement of Statutory Bases, 35 U.S.C. 101 and 35 U.S.C. 115— Improper Inventorship fp7.04.102.aia - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 115— Improper Inventorship fp7.05 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, -Heading Only- (Utility, Nonstatutory, Inoperative) fp7.05.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Nonstatutory (Not One of the Four Statutory Categories) fp7.05.016 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Nonstatutory (Directed to a Judicial Exception without an Inventive Concept/Significantly More) fp7.05.017 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, TC Director Approval for fp7.05.018 - [Reserved] fp7.05.02 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Utility Lacking fp7.05.03 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Inoperative fp7.05.04 - Utility Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 101 and 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or 35 U.S.C. 112 (pre-AIA), First Paragraph fp7.05.05 - Duplicate Claims, Warning fp7.05.06 - Duplicate Claims, Objection fp7.06 - Notice re prior art available under both pre-AIA and AIA fp7.06.01 - Claim Limitation Relating to a Tax Strategy Deemed To Be Within the Prior Art under 35 U.S.C. 102 and/or 103 fp7.07.aia - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 102 fp7.07.fti - Statement of Statutory Basis, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 fp7.08.aia - 102(a)(1), Activity Before the Effective Filing Date of Claimed Invention fp7.08.fti - Pre-AIA 102(a), Activity by Another Before Invention by Applicant fp7.09.fti - Pre-AIA 102(b), Activity More Than One Year Prior to Filing fp7.10.fti - Pre-AIA 102(c), Invention Abandoned fp7.11.fti - Pre-AIA 102(d), Foreign Patenting fp7.12.aia - 102(a)(2), U.S. Patent, U.S. Patent Application Publication or WIPO Published Application That Names Another Inventor and Has an Earlier Effectively Filed Date fp7.12.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C 102(e), Patent Application Publication or Patent to Another with Earlier Filing Date, in view of the American Inventors Protection Act of 1999 (AIPA) and the Intellectual Property and High Technology Technical Amendments Act of 2002 fp7.12.01.fti - Pre-AIPA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), Patent to Another with Earlier Filing Date, Reference is a U.S. Patent Issued Directly or Indirectly From a National Stage of, or a Continuing Application Claiming Benefit to, an International Application Having an International Filing Date Prior to November 29, 2000 fp7.13.fti - Pre-AIA 102(f), Applicant Not the Inventor fp7.14.aia - Pre-AIA 102(g), Priority of Invention fp7.14.fti - Pre-AIA 102(g), Priority of Invention fp7.15.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1)/102(a)(2) fp7.15.fti - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b) Patent or Publication, and (g) fp7.15.01.aia - Provisional Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) - Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or At Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.15.01.fti - Provisional Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) - Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or At Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.15.02.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2), Common Assignee, Applicant, or Joint Inventor(s) fp7.15.02.fti - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), Common Assignee, Applicant, or Joint Inventor fp7.15.03.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2), No Common Assignee or Inventor(s) fp7.15.03.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e), No Common Assignee or Inventor(s) fp7.16.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1), Public Use, On Sale, or Otherwise Publicly Available fp7.16.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b), Public Use or on Sale fp7.17.aia - 102(a)(1) Rejection Using Prior Art Excepted under 102(b)(2)(C) fp7.17.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(c), Abandonment of Invention fp7.18.aia - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(g) fp7.18.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d), Foreign Patenting fp7.19.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f), Applicant Not the Inventor fp7.20.aia - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 103 fp7.20.fti - Statement of Statutory Basis, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) fp7.20.01.aia - 103 Rejection Using Prior Art Excepted Under 102(b)(2)(C) Because Reference is Prior Art Under 102(a)(1) fp7.20.01.fti - Pre-AIA 103(a) Rejection Using Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 102(e), (f), or (g) That Is Not Disqualified Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) Because Reference Is Prior Art Under Another Subsection of Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 fp7.20.02.aia - Joint Inventors, Common Ownership Presumed fp7.20.02.fti - Joint Inventors, Common Ownership Presumed fp7.20.04.aia - 102 or 103 Rejection Using Prior Art Under 102(a)(2) That Is Attempted To Be Excepted Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) Using the Common Ownership or Assignment Provision fp7.20.04.fti - Pre-AIA 103(a) Rejection Using Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 102(e), (f), or (g) That Is Attempted To Be Disqualified Under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) Using the Common Ownership or Assignment Provision fp7.20.05.aia - 102 or 103 Rejection Using Prior Art Under 102(a)(2) That Is Attempted To Be Excepted Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) Using the Joint Research Agreement Provisions of 35 U.S.C. 102(c) fp7.20.05.fti - Pre-AIA 103(a) Rejection Using Prior Art Under Pre-AIA 102(e), (f), or (g) That Is Attempted To Be Disqualified Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) Using the Joint Research Agreement Provisions fp7.21.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 103 fp7.21.fti - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) fp7.21.01.aia - Provisional Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 103, Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or at Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.21.01.fti - Provisional Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a), Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or at Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.21.02.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 103, Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or at Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.21.02.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a), Common Assignee, Common Applicant, or at Least One Common Joint Inventor fp7.22.aia - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 103, Further in View Of fp7.22.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a), Further in View Of fp7.23.aia - Test for Obviousness fp7.23.fti - Test for Obviousness fp7.27 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102 or 103 fp7.27.fti - Rejection, pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102 or pre-AIA 103(a) fp7.28 - Objection to New Matter Added to Specification fp7.29 - Disclosure Objected to, Minor Informalities fp7.29.01 - Claims Objected to, Minor Informalities fp7.29.02 - Claims Objected to, Reference Characters Not Enclosed Within Parentheses fp7.29.03 - Claims Objected to, Spacing of Lines fp7.29.04 - Disclosure Objected To, Embedded Hyperlinks or Other Forms of Browser-Executable Code fp7.30.01 - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or the first paragraph of pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112 fp7.30.02 - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) and pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph fp7.30.03 - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, sixth paragraph fp7.30.03.h - Header for Claim Interpretation fp7.30.05 - Broadest Reasonable Interpretation under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph: Use of “Means” (or “Step”) in Claim Drafting and Rebuttable Presumptions Raised fp7.30.06 - 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph, Invoked Despite Absence of fp7.30.07 - 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph, Not Invoked Despite Presence of fp7.31.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph, Description Requirement, Including New Matter Situations fp7.31.02 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph, Enablement fp7.31.03 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph: Scope of Enablement fp7.31.04 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph: Best Mode Requirement fp7.31.05 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph: Scope of Enablement of a fp7.33.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph, Essential Subject Matter Missing From Claims (Enablement) fp7.34 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 2nd Paragraph, Failure To Claim Inventor’s Invention fp7.34.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 2nd Paragraph, Failure To Particularly Point out and Distinctly Claim (Indefinite) fp7.34.02 - Terminology Used Inconsistent with Accepted Meaning fp7.34.03 - Relative Term - Term of Degree Rendering Claim Indefinite fp7.34.04 - Broader Range/Limitation And Narrow Range/Limitation in Same Claim fp7.34.05 - Lack of Antecedent Basis in the Claims fp7.34.07 - Claims Are a Literal Translation fp7.34.08 - Indefinite Claim Language: “For Example” fp7.34.09 - Indefinite Claim Language: “Or The Like” fp7.34.10 - Indefinite Claim Language: “Such As” fp7.34.12 - Essential Steps Omitted fp7.34.13 - Essential Elements Omitted fp7.34.14 - Essential Cooperative Relationships Omitted fp7.34.15 - Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112, Pro Se fp7.34.23 - Rejections Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph: Claim Limitation is Interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth paragraph, but Disclosure of the Structure, Material, or Acts for Performing the Function Recited in a Claim Is Lacking, Insufficient, or Not Clearly Linked fp7.34.24 - Rejections under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph: Unclear Whether Claim Limitation Is To Be Interpreted Under 35 U.S.C. 112(f) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Sixth Paragraph – Result of 3-Prong Test Inconclusive fp7.35 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 2nd Paragraph, Failure To Particularly Point out and Distinctly Claim - Omnibus Claim fp7.35.01 - Trademark or Trade Name as a Limitation in the Claim fp7.36 - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 112(d) and Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Fourth Paragraph fp7.36.01 - Rejection under 35 U.S.C. 112(d) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 4th Paragraph, Improper Dependent Claim fp7.37 - Arguments Are Not Persuasive fp7.37.01 - Unpersuasive Argument: Age of Reference(s) fp7.37.02 - Unpersuasive Argument: Bodily Incorporation fp7.37.03 - Unpersuasive Argument: Hindsight Reasoning fp7.37.04 - Unpersuasive Argument: No Teaching, Suggestion, or Motivation To Combine fp7.37.05 - Unpersuasive Argument: Nonanalogous Art fp7.37.06 - Unpersuasive Argument: Number of References fp7.37.07 - Unpersuasive Argument: Applicant Obtains Result Not Contemplated by Prior Art fp7.37.08 - Unpersuasive Argument: Arguing Limitations Which Are Not Claimed fp7.37.09 - Unpersuasive Argument: Intended Use fp7.37.10 - Unpersuasive Argument: Limitation(s) in Preamble fp7.37.11 - Unpersuasive Argument: General Allegation of Patentability fp7.37.12 - Unpersuasive Argument: Novelty Not Clearly Pointed Out fp7.37.13 - Unpersuasive Argument: Arguing Against References Individually fp7.38 - Arguments Are Moot Because of New Ground of Rejection fp7.38.01 - Arguments Persuasive, Previous Rejection/Objection Withdrawn fp7.38.02 - Arguments Persuasive, New Ground(s) of Rejection fp7.39 - Action Is Final fp7.39.01 - Final Rejection, Options for Applicant, Pro Se fp7.40 - Action Is Final, Necessitated by Amendment fp7.40.01 - Action Is Final, Necessitated by IDS With Fee fp7.40.02.aia - Action Is Final, Necessitated by Invoking the Joint Research Agreement Prior Art Exclusion Under 35 U.S.C. 102(b)(2)(C) fp7.40.02.fti - Action Is Final, Necessitated by Invoking the Joint Research Agreement Prior Art Exclusion Under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c) fp7.41 - Action Is Final, First Action fp7.41.01.fti - Transitional After Final Practice, First Submission (37 CFR 1.129(a)) fp7.41.02.fti - Transitional After Final Practice, Second Submission (37 CFR 1.129(a)) fp7.41.03 - Action Is Final, First Action Following Submission Under 37 CFR 1.53(d), Continued Prosecution Application (CPA) in a Design Application fp7.42 - Withdrawal of Finality of Last Office Action fp7.42.01.fti - Withdrawal of Finality of Last Office Action - Transitional Application Under 37 CFR 1.129(a) fp7.42.02.fti - Nonresponsive Submission Filed Under 37 CFR 1.129(a) fp7.42.03.fti - Action Is Final, First Action Following Submission Under 37 CFR 1.129(a) Filed Prior to June 8, 2005 fp7.42.031.fti - Action Is Final, Action Following Submission Under 37 CFR 1.129(a) Filed On or After June 8, 2005 fp7.42.04 - Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 after Final Rejection fp7.42.05 - Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 After Allowance or Quayle Action fp7.42.06 - Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 After Appeal But Before A Board Decision fp7.42.07 - Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 after Board Decision but Before Further Appeal or Civil Action fp7.42.08 - Request For Continued Examination With Submission Filed Under 37 CFR 1.114 Which is Not Fully Responsive fp7.42.08.AE - Request for Continued Examination With Submission Filed Under 37 CFR 1.114 Which Is Not Fully Responsive - Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.42.09 - Action Is Final, First Action Following Request for Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 fp7.42.10 - Application On Appeal, Request For Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Submission/Fee; No Claims Allowed fp7.42.11 - Application On Appeal, Request For Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Submission; Claim Allowed fp7.42.12 - Application on Appeal, Request for Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Submission; Claim Allowed with Formal Matters Outstanding fp7.42.13 - Application on Appeal, Request for Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Fee; Claim Allowed fp7.42.14 - Application on Appeal, Request for Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Fee; Claim Allowed With Formal Matters Outstanding fp7.42.15 - Continued Prosecution Application Treated as Continued Examination under 37 CFR 1.114 fp7.42.16 - After Board Decision But Before Further Appeal Or Civil Action, Request for Continued Examination Under 37 CFR 1.114 Without Submission and/or Fee fp7.43 - Objection to Claims, Allowable Subject Matter fp7.43.01 - Allowable Subject Matter, Claims Rejected Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph, Independent Claim/Dependent Claim fp7.43.02 - Allowable Subject Matter, Claims Rejected Under 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph, Dependent Claim fp7.43.03 - Allowable Subject Matter, Formal Requirements Outstanding fp7.43.04 - Suggestion of Allowable Drafted Claim(s), Pro Se fp7.44 - Claimed Subject Matter Not in Specification fp7.45 - Improper Multiple Dependent Claims fp7.46 - Preliminary Amendment Unduly Interferes with the Preparation of an Office Action fp7.48.aia - Failure To Present Claims for Interference fp7.48.fti - Failure To Present Claims for Interference fp7.49 - Rejection, Disclaimer, Failure To Appeal fp7.50 - Claims Previously Allowed, Now Rejected, New Art fp7.51 - Quayle Action fp7.51.AE - Quayle Action - Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.52 - Suspension of Action, Awaiting New Reference fp7.53 - Suspension of Action, Possible Interference fp7.54 - Suspension of Action, Applicant’s Request fp7.54.01 - Request for Deferral of Examination under 37 CFR 1.103(d), Granted fp7.54.02 - Request for Termination of a Suspension of Action, Granted fp7.56 - Request for Suspension, Denied, Outstanding Office Action fp7.56.01 - Request for Suspension of Action under 37 CFR 1.103, Denied fp7.56.02 - Request for Deferral of Examination under 37 CFR 1.103(d), Denied fp7.57.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective- Heading fp7.58.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Claiming Same Invention fp7.59.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Insufficient Evidence of Reduction to Practice Before Reference Date fp7.60.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Reference Is a Statutory Bar fp7.61.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Insufficient Evidence of Conception fp7.62.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Diligence Lacking fp7.63.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Ineffective, Insufficient Evidence of Actual Reduction to Practice fp7.64.fti - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.131(a): Effective To Overcome Reference fp7.65 - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132: Effective To Withdraw Rejection fp7.66 - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132: Insufficient fp7.66.01 - Reason Why Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132 Is Insufficient: Affiant Has Never Seen Invention Before fp7.66.02 - Reason Why Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132 Is Insufficient: Invention Works as Intended fp7.66.03 - Reason Why Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132 Is Insufficient: Refers Only to Invention, Not to Claims fp7.66.04 - Reason Why Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132 Is Insufficient: No Evidence of Long-Felt Need fp7.66.05 - Reason Why Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.132 Is Insufficient: Conclusion fp7.67.aia - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.130: Effective to Disqualify a Reference as Prior Art Via 35 U.S.C. 102(b) fp7.68.aia - Affidavit or Declaration Under 37 CFR 1.130: Ineffective to Disqualify a Reference as Prior Art Via 35 U.S.C. 102(b) fp7.70.AE - Updated Accelerated Examination Support Document Required for Claim Amendments Not Encompassed by Previous Accelerated Examination Support Document(s) – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.71.AE - Use Of Proper Document and Fee Codes When Filing A Reply Electronically Via EFS-Web – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.81 - Correction Letter Re Last Office Action fp7.82 - Correction of Reference Citation fp7.82.01 - Copy of Reference(s) Furnished fp7.82.03 - How To Obtain Copies of U.S. Patents and U.S. Patent Application Publications fp7.83 - Copy of Office Action Supplied fp7.84 - Amendment Is Non-Responsive to Interview fp7.84.AE - Amendment Is Non-Responsive to Interview – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.84.01 - Paper Is Unsigned fp7.84.01.AE - Paper Is Unsigned – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.85 - Amendment Under 37 CFR 1.312 Entered fp7.86 - Amendment Under 37 CFR 1. 312 Entered in Part fp7.87 - Amendment Under 37 CFR 1.312 Not Entered fp7.90 - Abandonment, Failure to Reply fp7.91 - Reply Is Not Fully Responsive, Extension of Time Suggested fp7.95 - Bona Fide, Non-Responsive Amendments fp7.95.AE - Bona Fide, Non-Responsive Amendments – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.95.01 - Lack of Arguments in Response fp7.96 - Citation of Relevant Prior Art fp7.97 - Claims Allowed fp7.98 - Reply Is Late, Extension of Time Suggested fp7.98.01 - Reply Is Late, Extension of Time Suggested, Pro Se fp7.98.02 - Reply Is Late, Petition To Revive Suggested, Pro Se fp7.100 - Name And Number of Examiner To Be Contacted fp7.101 - Telephone Inquiry Contacts- Non 5/4/9 Schedule fp7.102 - Telephone Inquiry Contacts- 5/4/9 Schedule fp7.103 - Statute Cited in Prior Office Action fp7.104.aia - Requirement for Information, Public Use or Sale or Other Public Availability fp7.104.fti - Requirement for Information, Public Use or Sale fp7.104.02 - Requirement for Information, Rescission of Statement Under 37 CFR 1.55 or 1.78 fp7.105 - Requirement for Information, Heading fp7.105.01 - Stipulations of Facts Known to Applicant fp7.105.02 - Interrogatories of Facts Known to Applicant fp7.106 - Domain of Search fp7.107 - Level of Skill and Knowledge in the Art fp7.108 - Background Description fp7.109 - Products and Services Embodying Invention fp7.110 - Art Suggested as Relevant fp7.111 - List of Keywords fp7.112 - Citations for Electronically Searchable Databases or Other Indexed Collections fp7.113 - Copy of Art Referred to in the Disclosure, But Not Submitted fp7.114 - Copies of Publications Authored by Inventor(s) fp7.115 - Art Relied Upon for Description of Prior Art fp7.116 - Art Relied Upon for Development of Invention fp7.117 - Art Relied Upon for Drafting Claimed Subject Matter fp7.118 - Results of Applicant’s Prior Art Search fp7.119 - Names of Products or Services Incorporating Claimed Invention fp7.120 - Names of Products or Services Incorporating Disclosed Prior Art fp7.121 - Details of Improvement Over the Prior Art fp7.122 - Submission of Only Pertinent Pages Where Document is Large fp7.123 - Waiver of Fee and Statement Requirements for Certain Information Disclosures fp7.124 - Contents of Good Faith Reply fp7.125 - Conclusion of Requirement That Accompanies Office Action fp7.126 - Conclusion Of Requirement Mailed Without Any Other Office Action fp7.126.AE - Conclusion of Requirement Mailed Without Any Other Office Action – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp7.127 - Conclusion of Office Action That Includes Requirement fp7.147 - Supplemental Reply Not Approved for Entry fp7.169 - Advisory Action, Proposed Rejection of Claims, Before Appeal Brief fp7.204 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.59(b) To Expunge Information: Decision Held in Abeyance fp7.205 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.59(b) To Expunge Information Granted fp7.206 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.59(b) To Expunge Information Dismissed fp7.207 - Petition To Expunge, Conclusion, Lacks Fee fp7.208 - Petition to Expunge, Conclusion, Material to Determination of Patentability fp7.209 - Petition To Expunge, Conclusion, Information Made Public fp7.210 - Petition to Expunge, Conclusion, No Commitment to Retain Information fp7.211 - Petition to Expunge, Conclusion, No Clear Statement That Information is Trade Secret, Proprietary, and/or Subject to Protective Order, or that Submission Was Unintentional fp7.212 - Petition to Expunge, Conclusion, No Clear Identification of Information to be Expunged fp7.213 - Petition to Expunge, Conclusion, No Statement That Petition Is Submitted By, or on Behalf of, Party in Interest Who Originally Submitted the Information fp7.214 - Papers Not Returned, Pro Se Form-Paragraph-Chapter-800 - Form Paragraphs 8.01 - 8.50 fp8.01 - Election of Species; Species Claim(s) Present fp8.02 - Requiring an Election of Species; No Species Claim Present fp8.03 - In Condition for Allowance, Non-elected Claims Withdrawn with Traverse fp8.04 - Election by Original Presentation fp8.05 - Claims Stand Withdrawn With Traverse fp8.06 - Claims Stand Withdrawn Without Traverse fp8.07 - Ready for Allowance, Non-elected Claims Withdrawn Without Traverse fp8.08 - Restriction, Two Groupings fp8.09 - Restriction, 3rd Grouping fp8.10 - Restriction, 4th Grouping fp8.11 - Restriction, Additional Groupings fp8.12 - Restriction, Linking Claims fp8.13 - Distinctness (Heading) fp8.14 - Intermediate-Final Product fp8.14.01 - Distinct Products or Distinct Processes fp8.15 - Combination-Subcombination fp8.16 - Subcombinations, Usable Together fp8.17 - Process and Apparatus fp8.18 - Product and Process of Making fp8.19 - Apparatus and Product Made fp8.20 - Product and Process of Using fp8.20.02 - Unrelated Inventions fp8.20.03 - Unrelated Product and Process Inventions fp8.21 - To Establish Burden AND Requirement for Election and Means for Traversal for all Restrictions, other than an Election of Species fp8.21.04 - Notice of Potential Rejoinder of Process Claims fp8.23 - Requirement, When Elected by Telephone fp8.23.01 - Requirement, No Election by Telephone fp8.23.02 - Joint Inventors, Correction of Inventorship fp8.25 - Answer to Arguments With Traverse fp8.25.01 - Election Without Traverse fp8.25.02 - Election Without Traverse Based on Incomplete Reply fp8.26 - Canceled Elected Claims, Non-Responsive fp8.26.AE - Canceled Elected Claims, Non-Responsive – Application Under Accelerated Examination fp8.27.aia - Different Inventors, Common Assignee, Same Invention, Examined under First Inventor To File (FITF) Provisions of the AIA fp8.27.fti - Different Inventors, Common Assignee, Same Invention, Examined Under Pre-AIA (First to Invent) Provisions fp8.28.aia - Different Inventors, Common Assignee, Inventions Not Patentably Distinct, No Evidence of Common Ownership as of the Effective Filing Date of the Claimed Invention, Examined Under First Inventor to File (FITF) Provisions of the AIA fp8.28.fti - Different Inventors, Common Assignee, Inventions Not Patentably Distinct, No Evidence of Common Ownership at Time of Invention, Examined Under Pre-AIA (First To Invent) Provisions fp8.28.01.aia - Advisory Information Relating to Form Paragraph 8.28.aia fp8.28.01.fti - Advisory Information Relating to Form Paragraph 8.28.fti fp8.29 - Patentably Indistinct Claims, Copending Applications fp8.30 - 35 U.S.C. 101, Statutory Basis for Double Patenting “Heading” Only fp8.31 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Double Patenting fp8.32 - Provisional Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 101, Double Patenting fp8.33 - Basis for Nonstatutory Double Patenting, “Heading” Only fp8.34 - Rejection, Nonstatutory Double Patenting - No Secondary Reference(s) fp8.35 - Provisional Rejection, Nonstatutory Double Patenting - No Secondary Reference(s) fp8.36 - Rejection, Nonstatutory Double Patenting - With Secondary Reference(s) fp8.37 - Provisional Rejection, Nonstatutory Double Patenting - With Secondary Reference(s) fp8.38 - Double Patenting - Nonstatutory (Based Solely on Improper Timewise Extension of Patent Rights) With a Patent fp8.39 - Double Patenting - Nonstatutory (Based Solely on Improper Timewise Extension of Patent Rights) With Another Application fp8.40 - Improper Markush Grouping Rejection fp8.41 - Transitional Restriction or Election of Species Requirement – pre-GATT Filing fp8.42 - Allowable Product, Rejoinder of at Least One Process Claim, Less Than All Claims fp8.43 - Allowable Product, Rejoinder of All Previously Withdrawn Process Claims fp8.45 - Elected Invention Allowable, Rejoinder of All Previously Withdrawn Claims fp8.46 - Elected Invention Allowable, Non-elected Claims Canceled, Other Issues Remain Outstanding fp8.47 - Elected Invention Allowable, Non-elected Claims Canceled, Before Final Rejection, No Outstanding Issues Remaining fp8.47.01 - Elected Invention Allowable, Non-elected Claims Canceled, After Final Rejection, No Outstanding Issues Remaining fp8.49 - Elected Invention Allowable, Claims Stand Withdrawn as Not In Required Form fp8.50 - Elected Invention Allowable, Some Claims No Longer Considered Withdrawn Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1000 - Form Paragraphs 10.01 - 10.30 fp10.01 - Withdrawal From Issue, Fee Not Paid fp10.13 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.324, Granted fp10.14 - Treatment of Request Under 37 CFR 1.48 Petition Under 37 CFR 1.324, Petition Granted fp10.15 - Memorandum - Certificate of Correction (Inventorship) fp10.16.fti - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.324 filed prior to September 16, 2012, Dismissed fp10.16.01 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.324 filed on or after September 16, 2012, Dismissed fp10.17 - Petition Under 37 CFR 1.324, Denied fp10.18 - Waiver of Requirements of 37 CFR 1.324 Under 37 CFR 1.183, Dismissed fp10.19 - Memorandum - Certificate of Correction (Cross-Reference to Other Reissues in Family) fp10.20 - Petition or Request Dismissed, Proper Fee Not Submitted fp10.30 - Petition Header Information Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1200 - Form Paragraphs 12.209 - 12.298 fp12.209 - Appeal Dismissed - Allowed Claims, Formal Matters Remaining fp12.210 - Extension To File Brief - Granted fp12.111 - Extension To File Brief - Denied fp12.239 - Reopening of Prosecution After Appeal Brief fp12.249 - Examiner’s Answer Cover Sheet fp12.254 - Grounds of Rejection to be Reviewed on Appeal fp12.254.01 - Statement of Grounds of Rejection, not modified fp12.254.02 - Statement of Grounds of Rejection, modified fp12.255 - Restatement of Rejection fp12.256 - New Grounds of Rejection - Heading fp12.257 - Withdrawn Rejections fp12.261 - Response to Argument fp12.279 - Conclusion to Examiner’s Answer, No New Grounds of Rejection fp12.279.01 - Conclusion to Examiner’s Answer Raising New Grounds of Rejection fp12.279.02 - Dismissal Following New Ground(s) of Rejection in Examiner’s Answer fp12.279.03 - Request to Present Oral Arguments fp12.285 - Substitute Examiner’s Answer - On Remand FOR FURTHER CONSIDERATION OF A REJECTION fp12.286 - Dismissal Following A Substitute Examiner’s Answer Written in Response to a Remand for Further Consideration of a Rejection fp12.291 - Examiner Sustained in Part - Requirement of Rewriting Dependent Claims (No Allowed Claim) fp12.292 - Examiner Sustained in Part - Requirement of Rewriting Dependent Claims (At Least One Allowed Claim) fp12.297 - Period For Seeking Court Review Has Lapsed fp12.298 - Amendment After Board Decision, Entry Refused Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1300 - Form Paragraphs 13.01 - 13.10 fp13.01 - Requirement for Rewritten Specification fp13.02 - Examiner’s Amendment fp13.02.01 - Examiner’s Amendment Authorized fp13.02.02 - Extension of Time and Examiner’s Amendment Authorized fp13.03 - Reasons for Allowance fp13.03.01 - Reasons for Indication of Allowable Subject Matter fp13.04 - Reopen Prosecution - After Notice of Allowance fp13.05 - Reopen Prosecution - Vacate Notice of Allowance fp13.06 - Extension of Time by Examiner’s Amendment fp13.09 - Information Disclosure Statement, Issue Fee Paid fp13.10 - Amendment Filed After the Payment of Issue Fee, Not Entered Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1400 - Form Paragraphs 14.01 - 14.38 fp14.01 - Reissue Application, Applicable Laws and Rules Heading fp14.01.01 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration, 37 CFR 1.175 - No Statement of a Specific Error fp14.01.02 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration, 37 CFR 1.175 - The Identified “Error” Is Not Appropriate Error fp14.01.03 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration, 37 CFR 1.175 - Multiple Identified “Errors” Not Appropriate Errors fp14.01.04 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration in Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, 37 CFR 1.175- Lack of Statement of “Without Any Deceptive Intention” fp14.01.05 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration, 37 CFR 1.175 - No Statement of Defect in the Patent fp14.10.06 - Defective Reissue Oath/Declaration, 37 CFR 1.175 - General fp14.05.02.fti - Supplemental Oath or Declaration Required Prior to Allowance - Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.06 - Litigation-Related Reissue fp14.07 - Action in Reissue Not Stayed or Suspended — Related Litigation Stayed fp14.08 - Action in Reissue Not Stayed — Related Litigation Terminated fp14.09 - Action in Reissue Not Stayed — Related Litigation Not Overlapping fp14.10 - Action in Reissue Not Stayed — Applicant’s Request fp14.11 - Action in Reissue Stayed - Related Litigation fp14.11.01 - Reminder of Duties Imposed by 37 CFR 1.178(b) and 37 CFR 1.56 fp14.12 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 251, Broadened Claims After Two Years fp14.13 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 251, Broadened Claims Filed by Assignee fp14.14 - Rejection, Defective Reissue Oath or Declaration fp14.15 - Consent of Assignee to Reissue Lacking fp14.16 - Failure of Assignee To Establish Ownership fp14.16.01 - Establishment of Ownership Not Signed by Appropriate Party fp14.16.02 - Failure To State Capacity To Sign fp14.16.03 - Lack of Capacity To Sign fp14.16.04.fti - Attorney/Agent of Record Signs - Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.16.06 - Criteria To Accept When Signed by a Non-Recognized Officer fp14.17 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 251, Recapture fp14.20.01 - Amendments To Reissue-37 CFR 1.173(b) fp14.21.01 - Improper Amendment To Reissue - 37 CFR 1.173(b) fp14.21.09.fti - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 251, No Error Without Deceptive Intention - Application filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, External Knowledge fp14.22.fti - Rejection, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 251, No Error Without Deceptive Intention — Application filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, Evidence in the Application fp14.22.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 251, New Matter fp14.23 - Terminal Disclaimer Proper fp14.23.01 - Terminal Disclaimer Proper (Reexamination Only) fp14.24 - Terminal Disclaimer Not Proper - Introductory Paragraph fp14.25 - Terminal Disclaimer Not Proper - Introductory Paragraph (Reexamination Only) fp14.26 - Does Not Comply With 37 CFR 1.321 “Sub-Heading” Only fp14.26.01 - Extent of Interest Not Stated fp14.26.02 - Directed to Particular Claim(s) fp14.26.03 - Not Signed fp14.26.04 - Application/Patent Not Identified fp14.26.05 - Application/Patent Improperly Identified fp14.26.06.fti - Not Signed by All Owners - Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.26.07 - No Disclaimer Fee Submitted fp14.26.08 - Terminal Disclaimer Not Properly Signed - Application Filed On or After Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.26.09 - Failure To State Capacity To Sign - Application Filed On or After Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.26.10 - Terminal Disclaimer Identifies Party Who Is Not The Applicant - Application Filed On or After Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.27.01 - Lacks Clause of Enforceable Only During Period of Common Ownership fp14.27.011 - Lacks 37 CFR 1.321(d) Statement for Joint Research Agreement under 35 U.S.C. 102(c) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(c)(2)&(3) fp14.27.02 - Fails To Disclaim Terminal Portion of Any Patent Granted On Subject Application fp14.27.03 - Fails To Disclaim Terminal Portion of Subject Patent fp14.27.04.fti - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language in Patent To Be Granted -Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.27.04.1 - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language in Patent To Be Granted – Application Filed On or After Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.27.06 - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language in Patent (Reexamination Situation) fp14.27.07.fti - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language – Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, Activities Undertaken Within the Scope of a Joint Research Agreement fp14.27.07.1 - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language – Application Filed On or After Sept. 16, 2012, Activities Undertaken Within the Scope of a Joint Research Agreement fp14.27.08 - Examples of Acceptable Terminal Disclaimer Language in Patent (Reexamination Situation; activities undertaken within the scope of a joint research agreement) fp14.28.fti - Failure To State Capacity To Sign – Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.29.fti - Not Recognized as Officer of Assignee – Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, “Sub-Heading” Only fp14.29.02.fti - Criteria To Accept Terminal Disclaimer When Signed by a Non-Recognized Officer – Application Filed Before September 16, 2012 fp14.30 - No Evidence of Chain of Title to Assignee - Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012 fp14.30.01 - No Evidence of Chain of Title to Assignee (Reexamination Situations) fp14.30.02.fti - Evidence of Chain of Title to Assignee - Submission Not Signed by Appropriate Party – Application Filed Before Sept. 16, 2012, Terminal Disclaimer Is Thus Not Entered fp14.32 - Application/Patent Which Forms Basis for Rejection Not Identified fp14.33 - 37 CFR 3.73 - Establishing Right of Assignee To Take Action fp14.34 - Requirement for Statement To Record Assignment Submitted With Terminal Disclaimer fp14.35 - Disclaimer Fee Not Required Twice - Applicant fp14.35.01 - Disclaimer Fee Not Required Twice - Patent Owner fp14.36 - Suggestion That “Applicant” Request a Refund fp14.36.01 - Suggestion That “Patent Owner” Request a Refund fp14.37 - Information about a Terminal Disclaimer Over a Pending Application fp14.38 - Information about a Terminal Disclaimer Over a Reference Patent Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1500 - Form Paragraphs 15.01 - 15.90 fp15.01 - Conditions Under 35 U.S.C. 119(a)-(d), 172, 386(a) and (b) fp15.01.01 - Conditions Under 35 U.S.C. 172 Not Met fp15.02 - Claimed Foreign Priority, No Certified Copy Filed fp15.03 - Certified Copy Filed, But Proper Claim Not Made fp15.03.01.fti - Foreign Filing More Than 6 Months Before U.S. Filing, Application Filed Before March 16, 2013 fp15.04 - Priority Under Bilateral or Multilateral Treaties fp15.05 - Design Patent Specification Arrangement (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.05.01 - Title of Design Invention fp15.05.03 - Drawing/Photograph Disclosure Objected To fp15.05.04 - Replacement Drawing Sheets Required fp15.05.041 - Color Drawing(s)/Photograph(s) Submitted fp15.05.05 - Drawing Correction Required Prior to Appeal fp15.07 - Avoidance of New Matter fp15.07.01 - Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 171 fp15.08 - Lack of Ornamentality (Article Visible in End Use) fp15.08.01 - Lack of Ornamentality (Article Not Visible in its Normal and Intended Use) fp15.08.02 - Simulation (Entire Article) fp15.08.03 - Explanation of evidence cited in support of simulation rejection fp15.09 - 35 U.S.C. 171 Rejection fp15.09.01 - Offensive Subject Matter fp15.09.02.aia - Statement of Statutory Bases, 35 U.S.C. 171 and 35 U.S.C. 115-Improper Inventorship fp15.09.03.aia - Statement of Statutory Basis, 35 U.S.C. 115-Improper Inventorship fp15.10.aia - Application Examined Under AIA First Inventor to File Provisions fp15.10.fti - Application Examined Under First Inventor to File Provisions fp15.10.15 - Notice re prior art available under both pre-AIA and AIA fp15.11.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) Rejection fp15.11.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a) Rejection fp15.12.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(b) Rejection fp15.13.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(c) Rejection fp15.14.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d)/35 U.S.C. 172 Rejection fp15.15.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) Rejection fp15.15.fti - Pre-AIA 135 U.S.C. 102(e) Rejection fp15.15.01.aia - Explanation of rejection under 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(1) or 102(a)(2) fp15.15.01.fti - Explanation of rejection under Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(a), (b), (d), or (e) fp15.15.02.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) Provisional rejection - design disclosed in another application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.15.02.fti - Provisional Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) rejection - design disclosed but not claimed in another application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.15.03.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) provisional rejection - design claimed in an earlier-filed design patent application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.15.04.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2) rejection - design disclosed in a patent fp15.15.04.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e) rejection - design disclosed but not claimed in a patent fp15.16.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(f) Rejection fp15.17.aia - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(g) Rejection fp15.17.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(g) Rejection fp15.18.aia - 35 U.S.C. 103 Rejection (Single Reference) fp15.18.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) Rejection (Single Reference) fp15.19.aia - 35 U.S.C. 103 Rejection (Multiple Reference) fp15.19.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) Rejection (Multiple References) fp15.19.01 - Summary Statement of Rejections fp15.19.02.aia - Preface 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2)/103 rejection - Different inventors, common assignee, obvious designs, no evidence of common ownership not later than effective filing date of claimed design fp15.19.02.fti - Preface pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) rejection - Different inventors, common assignee, obvious designs, no evidence of common ownership at time later design was made fp15.19.03.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2)/103 Provisional Rejection - design disclosed in another application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.19.03.fti - Provisional Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) rejection - design disclosed but not claimed in another application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.19.04.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) Provisional Rejection - design claimed in an earlier-filed design patent application with common inventor and/or assignee fp15.19.05.aia - 35 U.S.C. 102(a)(2)/103 rejection - design disclosed, no common inventors or common assignees fp15.19.05.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) rejection - design disclosed but not claimed fp15.19.06.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) rejection - design claimed in a design patent with an earlier effective filing date and common assignee fp15.19.07.fti - Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(e)/103(a) rejection - design claimed in a design patent having an earlier effective filing date and no common assignee fp15.20.02 - Suggestion To Overcome Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and (b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First and Second Paragraphs (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.21 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and (b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First And Second Paragraphs fp15.21.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, (Second Paragraph) (Additional Information Requested) fp15.22 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 2nd Paragraph fp15.22.02 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 2nd Paragraph (“Or the Like” In Claim) fp15.22.03 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, Second Paragraph (Title Fails to Specify a Known Article of Manufacture) fp15.23 - 35 U.S.C. 171 Double Patenting Rejection (Design-Design) fp15.23.01 - 35 U.S.C. 171 Provisional Double Patenting Rejection (Design-Design) fp15.23.02 - Summary for “Same Invention” – Type Double Patenting Rejections fp15.24 - Nonstatutory Double Patenting Rejection (Single Reference) fp15.24.03 - Provisional Nonstatutory Double Patenting Rejection (Single Reference) fp15.24.04 - Provisional Nonstatutory Double Patenting Rejection (Multiple References) fp15.24.05.fti - Identical Claim: Common Assignee fp15.24.06 - Basis for Nonstatutory Double Patenting, “Heading Only” fp15.24.07 - Double Patenting Rejection (Design-Utility) fp15.24.08 - Provisional Double Patenting Rejection (Design-Utility) fp15.25 - Nonstatutory Double Patenting Rejection (Multiple References) fp15.26 - Identification of Prior Application(s) in Nonprovisional Applications - Benefit Claimed fp15.27 - Restriction Under 35 U.S.C. 121 fp15.27.01 - Restriction Under 35 U.S.C. 121 (Obvious Variations Within Group) fp15.27.02 - Restriction Not Required - Change In Appearance (First Action - Non Issue) fp15.27.03 - Restriction Not Required - Change In Appearance (First Action Issue) fp15.27.04 - Restriction Not Required – Change In Scope (First Action – Non Issue) fp15.27.05 - Restriction Not Required – Change In Scope (First Action Issue) fp15.27.06 - Restriction Not Required (Change in Appearance and Scope – First Action Non Issue) fp15.27.07 - Restriction Not Required (Change in Appearance and Scope – First Action Issue) fp15.27.08 - Restriction with Differences in Appearance and Scope fp15.28 - Telephone Restriction Under 35 U.S.C. 121 fp15.28.01 - Telephone Restriction Under 35 U.S.C.121 (Obvious Variations Within Group) fp15.28.02 - Telephone Restriction with Differences in Appearance and Scope fp15.29 - Restriction Under 35 U.S.C. 121 (Segregable Parts or Combination/Subcombination) fp15.30 - Telephone Restriction Under 35 U.S.C. 121 (Segregable Parts or Combination/Subcombination) fp15.31 - Provisional Election Required (37 CFR 1.143) fp15.33 - Qualifying Statement To Be Used In Restriction When A Common Embodiment Is Included In More Than One Group fp15.34 - Groups Withdrawn From Consideration After Traverse fp15.35 - Cancel Nonelected Design (Traverse) fp15.36 - Groups Withdrawn From Consideration Without Traverse fp15.37 - Cancellation of Nonelected Groups, No Traverse fp15.38 - Rejection Maintained fp15.39.02.aia - Final Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 103 (Single Reference) fp15.39.02.fti - Final Rejection Under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) (Single Reference) fp15.40.aia - Final Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 103 (Multiple References) fp15.40.fti - Final Rejection Under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) (Multiple References) fp15.40.01 - Final Rejection Under Other Statutory Provisions fp15.41 - Functional, Structural Features Not Considered fp15.42 - Visual Characteristics fp15.43 - Subject Matter of Design Patent fp15.44 - Design Inseparable From Article to Which Applied fp15.46.01 - Impermissible Descriptive Statement fp15.47 - Characteristic Feature Statement fp15.47.01 - Feature Statement Caution fp15.48 - Necessity for Good Drawings fp15.50 - Use of Broken Lines for Indicating Unimportant Features Not Permitted fp15.50.01 - Use of Broken Lines in Drawing (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.50.02 - Description of Broken Lines (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.50.04 - Proper Drawing Disclosure With Use of Broken Lines fp15.50.05 - Description of Broken Lines as Boundary of Design (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.51 - 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, First Paragraph Rejection (Written Description) fp15.51.01 - Amendment to Disclosure Not Affecting Claim - 35 U.S.C. 132 Objection (New Matter) fp15.55 - Design Patent-Copyright Overlap fp15.55.01 - Design Patent - Trademark Overlap fp15.58 - Claimed Design Is Patentable (Ex parte Quayle Actions) fp15.58.01 - Claimed Design Is Patentable (35 U.S.C. 112 Rejections) fp15.59 - Amend Title fp15.60 - Amend All Figure Descriptions fp15.61 - Amend Selected Figure Descriptions fp15.61.01 - Amend Specification to Add Reference to Color Drawing(s)/ Photograph(s) (Ch. 16 Design Application) fp15.62 - Amend Claim “As Shown” fp15.63 - Amend Claim “As Shown and Described” fp15.64 - Addition of “And Described” to Claim fp15.65 - Amendment May Not Be Possible fp15.66 - Employ Services of Patent Attorney or Agent (Design Application Only) fp15.66.01 - Employ Services of Professional Patent Draftsperson (Design Application Only) fp15.67 - Rationale for 35 U.S.C. 103 Rejection (Single Reference) fp15.68 - Rationale for 35 U.S.C. 103 Rejection (Multiple References) fp15.69.01 - Remove Indefinite Language (“Or The Like”) by Examiner’s Amendment fp15.70.aia - Preface, 35 U.S.C. 103 Rejection fp15.70.fti - Preface, Pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) Rejection fp15.72 - Quayle Action fp15.73 - Corrected Drawing Sheets Required fp15.74 - Continuation-In-Part fp15.74.01 - Continuation-In-Part – Not Entitled To Benefit of Earlier Filing Date fp15.75.fti - Preface to Rejection in CIP Based on pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 102(d)/35 U.S.C.172 fp15.75.01fti - C-I-P Caution, Claim to Foreign Priority in Earlier Filed Application - Status of Foreign Application Unknown fp15.76 - Trademark in Drawing fp15.85 - Undisclosed visible surface(s)/portion(s) of article not forming part of the claimed design fp15.90 - Indication of allowability withdrawn Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1600 - Form Paragraphs 16.01 - 16.13 fp16.01 - Specification, Manner of Asexually Reproducing fp16.02 - Colors Specified Do Not Correspond With Those Shown fp16.03 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(a) or pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 112, 1st Paragraph, Non-Support for Colors fp16.04 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 102 fp16.05 - Name or Denomination for Plant Missing fp16.05.01 - Latin Name of Genus and Species of the Plant Claimed Missing fp16.06 - Color Drawings Must Be in Duplicate fp16.07 - Drawing Figures Not Competently Executed fp16.08 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112 fp16.09 - Specification, Less Than Complete Description fp16.10 - Specification, Location of Plant Not Disclosed fp16.11 - Drawings in Improper Scale fp16.12 - Report From U.S. Dept. of Agriculture fp16.13 - Specimens Are Required Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1800 - Form Paragraphs 18.01 - 18.22 fp18.01 - Lacks Novelty fp18.02 - Lacks Inventive Step - One Reference fp18.02.01 - Lacks Inventive Step - Two References fp18.02.02 - Lacks Inventive Step - Additional Reference fp18.03 - Lacks Industrial Applicability fp18.04 - Meets Novelty and Inventive Step fp18.04.01 - Meets Industrial Applicability fp18.05 - Heading for Lack of Unity Action for PCT Applications During the International Phase (Including Species) fp18.06 - Lack of Unity - Three Groups of Claims fp18.06.01 - Lack of Unity - Two (or Additional) Groups of Claims fp18.06.02 - Lack of Unity - One Additional Group of Claims fp18.07 - Lack of Unity - Reasons Why Inventions Lack Unity fp18.07.01 - Same or Corresponding Technical Feature Lacking Among Groups fp18.07.02 - Shared Technical Feature Does Not Make a Contribution Over the Prior Art fp18.07.03 - Heading – Chemical Compound Alternatives of Markush Group Are Not of a Similar Nature fp18.07.03a - Alternatives Lack Common Property or Activity fp18.07.03b - Alternatives Share a Common Structure - However, the Common Structure is Not a Significant Structural Element and the Alternatives Do Not Belong to a Recognized Class fp18.07.03c - Alternatives Do Not Share a Common Structure or Belong to Recognized Class fp18.08 - Drawing - Defect in Form or Contents Thereof fp18.08.01 - Drawing Is Required fp18.09 - Description - Defect in Form or Contents Thereof fp18.10 - Claims - Defect in Form or Contents Thereof fp18.11 - Drawing Objections - Lack Clarity fp18.12.01 - Claims Objectionable - Inadequate Written Description fp18.13.01 - Claims Objectionable - Non-Enabling Disclosure fp18.14.01 - Claims Objectionable - Lack of Best Mode fp18.15 - Claims Objectionable - Indefiniteness fp18.18 - Heading for Lack of Unity Action in National Stage Applications Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 (Including Species) fp18.19 - Restriction Requirement in National Stage Applications Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 fp18.20 - Election of Species in National Stage Applications Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 fp18.21 - Election by Original Presentation in National Stage Applications Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 fp18.22 - Requirement for Election and Means for Traversal in National Stage Applications Submitted Under 35 U.S.C. 371 Form-Paragraph-Chapter-1900 - Form Paragraphs 19.01 - 19.02 fp19.01 - Period for Comments on Protest by Applicant fp19.02 - Requirement for Information fp19.02.AE - Requirement for Information – Application Under Accelerated Examination Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2200 - Form Paragraphs 22.01 - 22.73 fp22.01 - New Question of Patentability fp22.01.01 - Criteria for Applying Old Art as Sole Basis for Reexamination fp22.02 - No New Question of Patentability fp22.03 - Issue Not Within Scope of Ex Parte Reexamination fp22.04 - Papers To Be Submitted in Response to Action - Ex Parte Reexamination fp22.04.01 - Extension of Time in Reexamination fp22.05 - Reexamination (Ex Parte or Inter Partes) Based on Reissue Claims fp22.06 - Examiner’s Amendment Accompanying Notice of Intent To Issue Ex Parte Reexamination Certificate fp22.07 - Litigation Reminder (Patent Owner Request or Director Ordered Reexamination) fp22.08 - Litigation Reminder (Third Party Requester) fp22.09 - Ex Parte Reexamination - Action Is Final fp22.10 - Ex Parte Reexamination - Action Is Final, Necessitated by Amendment fp22.11 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 305, Claim Enlarges Scope of Patent - Ex Parte Reexamination fp22.12 - Amendments Proposed in a Reexamination - 37 CFR 1.530(d)-(j) fp22.13 - Improper Amendment in an Ex Parte Reexamination - 37 CFR 1.530(d)-(j) fp22.14 - Submission Not Fully Responsive to Non-Final Office Action - Ex Parte Reexamination fp22.15 - Lack of Service - 37 CFR 1.550(f) fp22.16 - Reasons For Patentability and/or Confirmation fp22.20 - Claims Held Invalid By Court, No Longer Being Reexamined fp22.73 - Correspondence and Inquiry as to Office Actions Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2300 - Form Paragraphs 23.01 - 23.19 fp23.01 - Request for Interference Premature; Examination Not Completed fp23.02 - Ex Parte Prosecution Is Resumed fp23.04 - Requiring Applicant to Add Claim to Provoke Interference fp23.06 - Applicant Suggesting an Interference fp23.06.01 - Failure to Identify the Other Application or Patent fp23.06.02 - Failure to Identify the Counts and Corresponding Claims fp23.06.03 - Failure to Provide Claim Chart Comparing At Least One Claim fp23.06.04 - Failure to Explain in Detail Why Applicant Will Prevail on Priority fp23.06.05 - Claim Added/Amended; Failure to Provide Claim Chart Showing Written Description fp23.06.06 - Time Period for Reply fp23.14 - Claims Not Copied Within One Year of Patent Issue Date fp23.14.01 - Claims Not Copied Within One Year Of Application Publication Date fp23.19 - Foreign Priority Not Substantiated Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2400 - Form Paragraphs 24.01 - 24.16 fp24.01 - Heading for Sequence Requirements fp24.02 - No Sequence Listing part of the disclosure and No CRF fp24.03 - No Sequence Listing part of the disclosure and Defective CRF fp24.04 - CRFE but No “Sequence Listing” part of the disclosure fp24.05 - The “Sequence Listing” part of the disclosure and the CRF are not the same fp24.06 - Missing statement that the “Sequence Listing” (paper, PDF, CD) and the CRF are the same fp24.07 - No Computer Readable Form (CRF) submitted fp24.08 - Computer Readable Form (CRF) contains error(s) according to STIC report fp24.09 - Computer Readable Form (CRF) damaged or unreadable fp24.10 - Sequence IDs not present in the specification fp24.11 - Sequence IDs not present in the drawings fp24.12 - Sequences present in the specification or drawings that are not in the CRF or listing fp24.13 - Missing or Defective Incorporation by Reference Paragraph fp24.14 - Amendment Missing Instruction to Enter the “Sequence Listing” into the Application fp24.15 - Amendment Missing Statement of No New Matter fp24.16 - Amendment Missing Statement of Support Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2600 - Form Paragraphs 26.01 - 26.80 fp26.01 - Reasonable likelihood established fp26.02 - No reasonable likelihood established fp26.03 - Issue Not Within Scope of Inter Partes Reexamination fp26.03.01 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 314(a), Claim Enlarges Scope of Patent fp26.04 - First Action Not Mailed With Order fp26.05 - Papers To Be Submitted in Response to Action fp26.05.01 - Improper Amendment in an Inter Partes Reexamination - 37 CFR 1.530(d)-(j) fp26.06 - Submission Not Fully Responsive to Office Action fp26.07 - Action Closing Prosecution fp26.08 - Right of Appeal Notice fp26.67 - No Receipt of Rebuttal Brief(s) fp26.67.01 - Periods for Seeking Court Review or Rehearing Have Lapsed fp26.68 - Lack of Service in inter partes examination-37 CFR 1.903 fp26.69 - Examiner’s Amendment Accompanying Notice of Intent to Issue Reexamination Certificate fp26.70 - Reasons for Patentability and/or Confirmation in Inter Partes Reexamination fp26.73 - Correspondence and Inquiry as to Office Actions fp26.75 - Time Period for Response under 37 CFR 41.77(e) fp26.80 - Claims Held Invalid by Court, No Longer Being Reexamined Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2800 - Form Paragraphs 28.01 - 28.04 fp28.01 - Header for Statement of Reasons for Substantial New Question of Patentability Determination fp28.02 - Reasons for Finding No Substantial New Question of Patentability fp28.03 - Reasons for Finding A Substantial New Question of Patentability fp28.04 - Reexamination Ordered Pursuant to 35 U.S.C. 257 Form-Paragraph-Chapter-2900 - Form Paragraphs 29.10 - 29.27 fp29.10 - Reproductions Objected to, Amended Reproductions Do Not Comply With Formal Requirements fp29.11 - Reproductions Objected to, Design Not Fully Disclosed in Reproductions fp29.20 - Matter Not Forming Part of Design (International Design Application) fp29.21 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) - Undescribed Broken Lines (International Design Application) fp29.22 - Description of Broken Lines Added by Examiner's Amendment (International Design Application) fp29.23 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) - Undescribed Broken Lines as Boundary of Design (International Design Application) fp29.24 - Description of Broken Lines as Boundary of Design Added by Examiner's Amendment (International Design Application) fp29.25 - Rejection, 35 U.S.C. 112(b) - Unclear Use of Coloring (International Design Application) fp29.26 - Description of Coloring Added by Examiner's Amendment (International Design Application) fp29.27 - Suggestion To Overcome Rejection Under 35 U.S.C. 112(a) and (b) (International Design Application)

¶ 7.23.fti Test for Obviousness

The factual inquiries for establishing a background for determining obviousness under pre-AIA 35 U.S.C. 103(a) are summarized as follows:

1. Determining the scope and contents of the prior art.
2. Ascertaining the differences between the prior art and the claims at issue.
3. Resolving the level of ordinary skill in the pertinent art.
4. Considering objective evidence present in the application indicating obviousness or nonobviousness.

Examiner Note:

This form paragraph may be used, if appropriate, in response to an argument regarding the applicability of the factors for determining obviousness.